Triangular Trade

Triangular Trade Unit 4: Age of Exploration

Copy questions under warm up- leave space to write answers after we look at map. • 1. What products were traded from the West Indies to the thirteen colonies? • 2. Where did the colonists of North America ship goods? Interactive Map

1.The expanding European empires in the “New World” lacked a major resource - workers. Q: Why was there a lack of workers in the New World? A: The Columbian Exchange brought over disease and killed off the natives. A.Whatcaused the Triangular Trade?

B. Portuguese Slave Trade • 1.The Portuguese population was too small to provide a large number of colonists. • 2.The sugar plantations required a large labor force. Slaves filled this demand. • 3.Portuguese crop growers extended the use of slave labor to South America. • 4.Because of this, Brazil would eventually become the wealthiest of the sugar-producing lands in the western hemisphere

“ …coffee, chocolate and tea all had a naturally bitter taste. What made them palatable to Europeans was the addition of sugar. Without [slavery] there would have been no sugar…” --James Walvin

In 1518, the first shipment of slaves went directly from West Africa to the Caribbean where they worked on sugar plantations. • By the 1520s, the Spanish had introduced slaves to Mexico, Peru, and Central America where they worked as farmers and miners. • By the early 17th century, the British had introduced slaves to North America. C. Slavery Expands

-It was called the triangular tradebecause of the triangular shape that the three legs of the journey made. -The 1st leg was the journey from Europe to Africa where goods were exchanged for slaves. -The 2nd, or middle, leg of the journey was the transportation of slaves to the Americas. It was nicknamed the 'middle passage.' -The 3rd and final leg of the journey, was the transport of goods from the Americas back to Europe. D.The Triangle of Trade

1. The triangular trade demonstrates how people were reduced to merchandise to be sold. • 2. Goods such as metal, cloth, beads and guns went from Europe to Africa; enslaved Africans went to America and the Caribbean and finally raw products such as sugar, tobacco and cotton came back to Europe. Humanity vs. Economy

The original capture of slaves was almost always violent. • As European demand grew, African leaders organized raiding parties to seize individuals from neighboring societies. • Others launched wars specifically for the purpose of capturing slaves. • “ Africans became enslaved mainly through four ways: first criminals sold by the chiefs as punishment; secondly , free Africans obtained from raids by African and a few European gangs; thirdly, domestic slaves resold, and fourthly ; prisoners of war.” • --AduBoahen; University of Ghana

1.As the major European powers looked for ways to use the fertile lands of the New World, they looked to Africa for a steady supply of labor. • 2.African slaves had become absolutely vital to the farming of sugar, tobacco, cotton, and rice plantations. • 3.As European demand for sugar began to increase, plantations began to spring up throughout Brazil and the Caribbean. • 4.Sugar crop growing created a huge demand for slave labor from Africa. • 5.Many plantations produced additional crops such as indigo, rice, tobacco, and coffee. Africans in the New World

Impact: Cultural Diffusion • The slave trade spread ideas & goods between cultures. Europeans brought new weapons to Africa. Africans brought part of their culture (music, traditions, food, language, etc.) to the Americas. Impact of Triangular Trade

Video Clip • Scenario: Imagine you are a very active member of the anti-slavery campaign. You want to expose the slave trade for what it is, but you need hard evidence. You have managed to get yourself taken on as an ordinary sailor on a slave ship. • Your task? Write a report for the Anti-Slavery Society that exposes the ugly truth about the slave trade. Use the Primary Source Information paper as evidence. This report must be 1 FULL page. Neatness, grammar and punctuation count!

How you were taken on board. • What it was like when you got to the West Coast of • Africa. • What happened to the slaves when they were brought • on board. • What the conditions were like during the voyage. • What you saw when your ship reached the end of the • middle passage. • What the ship was filled with for the return journey and how the crew acted when you arrived back in Liverpool. Remember: 1 Full Page. Final Draft Quality! For Help, think of ….

Triangular Trade