The Land and Its Early People

1. The Land and Its Early People SS8H1: The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures

2. Key Terms to Know: • Archaeologists: a scientist who studies artifacts to learn about the lives of early peoples

3. Artifacts: items such as pottery, weapons, tools, and jewelry that were made by humans

4. Culture: the beliefs, traditions, music, art, and social institutions of a group of people who share common experiences

5. Prehistoric Native American Groups • Paleo Indians • Archaic Indians • Woodland Indians • Mississippian Indians

6. Paleo Indians • They were nomadic (roaming) hunters who followed large game (animals) • They also used stone to make their tools

7. Paleo Indian Period: (10,000 to 8,000 B.C.) • •Paleo comes from the Greek meaning “ancient”. They were named this because they used stone (Paleolithic Age which means “Old Stone”) • • Lived in small bands or groups of 20 adults & children

8. • Depend on animals for food, clothing, and tools • • Diet – meat from bison, • mastodon, giant sloth • • Lived in pits in ground for shelter

9. Archaic Indians (8,000 B.C. -1,000 B.C.) • They began hunting smaller game (deer, bear, turkey, and rabbit). The mammoth and giant sloth are extinct. • They invented new items such as choppers, drills, & chipping tools

10. They moved each season to find food for their people • They began to eat shellfish

11. The shells left behind in • hills are called middens • • Used a variety of tools • • Created clay pottery • • Buried dead with tools • and weapons showed • they believed in afterlife • • Lived as nomads

12. • Spear throwing devise • Spear goes farther and faster • Burial customs showed they believed in afterlife Atlatl