MNR Perspective On Bioproducts & Bioenergy in Ontario

1. MNR Perspective On Bioproducts & Bioenergy in Ontario Dr. Jason Koivisto SAF-CIF 2009

2. Definitions A Bioeconomy (bio-based economy) • An economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and energy are derived from renewable biological resources, such as plant and animal sources Bioproducts • A product developed from biological materials. Bioproducts may replace or enhance products derived from non-renewable resources. The term bioproduct encompasses biofuels, biocomposites, nutraceuticals, and other biobased products. Biorefining • Uses biomass as the feedstock in a dynamic refining process to produce bioproducts. The concept is modeled on the process for refining crude oil. Bioconversion • The conversion of organic materials, such as wood, into usable products or energy sources by biological or thermo-chemical processes.

3. Definitions Biomass • Living or recently dead biological matter. Biomass is essentially a stored form of solar energy. Common sources include agricultural crops and wastes, and forestry residues. Forest Biofibre • Forest biofibre includes tree tops, cull trees or portions of trees, individual and stands of unmerchantable and unmarketable trees, and trees that may be salvaged as a result of a natural disturbance.

4. The Business of Bioproducts Industry Canada, 2006

5. Bioenergy Direct Combustion • Burning biomass in a woodstove, fireplace or boiler. Cogeneration (Combined Heat and Power) • The simultaneous generation of both electric power and heat; the heat, instead of being discharged without further use, is used in some fashion (eg, in district heating systems). Co-firing • Burning of two fuels in the same combustion unit; e.g., bio-oil and natural gas, or wood pellets and coal.

6. Bioprocess Technology Gasification • Uses high temperatures in the presence of oxygen to convert solid biomass into a gas. The gas can be used for direct combustion, cogeneration or chemical extraction Pyrolysis • Is thechemical breakdown of biomass in the absence of air at temperatures above 250°C. This process produces a bio-oil, syn-gas, char and ash which can be used for bioenergy or chemical extraction. Fermentation • The anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by microorganisms. Bio-catalysis • Enzymes or microorganisms are used to perform chemical transformations on the organic compounds in the biomass.

7. CHAMBOST, V., MCNUTT,j.. STUART, P.R. Guided tour: Implementing the forest biorefinery (FBR) at existing pulp and paper mills. Pulp & Paper Canada 109(7/8):T83-T9I (July/August 2008). Current use of biofibre

8. Examples of High Value Bioproducts from Biofibre • Replacement for Carbon Black • Carbon Fibres • Nanocrystalline Cellulose • Tannins • Sitosterol & Sitostanol

9. Potential feedstock supply and receptor capacity; Close proximity to largest markets in North America Skilled labour force and harvesting contractor capacity; Ontario’s Opportunity

10. Ontario’s Research Capacity • Established research programs through Ontario Forest Research Institute; • R&D capacity with several universities actively engaged; • Collaboration with Canadian Forest Services, Great Lakes Forest Alliance and FP Innovations • Ontario making significant investments in 3 Research & Innovations Centres. Centre for Research and Innovation in the Bioeconomy - $25 M Queens Centre for Biomaterials Research - $21 M Bioindustrial Innovation Centre - $10 M

11. MNR’s Bioeconomy Program Government of Ontario Priority - Strong people, strong economy (a greener economy) MNR’s Our Sustainable Future – Conserve Biodiversity & Use Natural Resources in a Sustainable Manner MNR’s Strategic Objective – Economic Growth for Ontario Communities Bioeconomy Program’s Strategic Purpose – Contribute to the evolution of Ontario’s green economy by facilitating the sustainable use of natural resources for bio-based products.

12. SO Regional forest industry liaison officer ^ Ian Manson FSCS - Forest Business Analyst ^ WAMS – Forest Analyst ^ WAMS - 3 Regional Forest Industry Liaison Officers ^ RES - Alternative Energy Program Officer^ FPS – Senior Policy Advisor ^ SIRD - Science Management Coordinator^ FSD – Kapuskasing Area Supervisor ^ MNR’s Bioeconomy Team Provincial Bioeconomy Network (Multi-ministry) MNR’s One window for bioeconomy initiatives Forest Bioeconomy Coordinator Dr. Jason Koivisto Policy Analyst – Forest Bioeconomy* Karry Anne Campbell Program Specialist – Forest Bioeconomy* Joe Maure Economics Specialist – Forest Bioeconomy* Dr. Indrajit Majumdar Knowledge Development/ Transfer Specialist * Brady Irwin * New ^ matrixed

13. MNR’s Role in Developing Ontario’s Bioeconomy • Defining the resource potential • Improving access to biofibre • Science knowledge development and transfer • Community involvement and socio-economic development

14. Defined Resource Potential • Continue model and information development • Spatial analysis capability • Link to FERIC economic model • Develop yield estimates by species • Support operational trials • Incorporate biofibre estimates into Forest Management Plans

15. Available Forest Biomass 1 m3 = 0.276 cords

16. Improved Access to Biofibre • Review the use of existing forest resource commitments • Facilitate and support access to biofibre • Initiate policy discussion on MNR’s role on private land

17. Ontario’s Forest Biofibre Policy • The Directive guides the use and allocation of Crown forest biofibre • Same allocation / disposition process as for Crown timber • Priority for aboriginal opportunities • Reinforces need to comply with all Forest Management Planning / EA requirements

18. Pricing of Biofibre Effective April 1, 2008 Unmarketable Fibre Unmerchantable Fibre Undersized Tops & Branches Scaling Manual Standards Unused Roundwood Minimum Charge $0.00/m3 Residual Value $0.00/m3 Forestry Futures $1.07/m3 Forest Renewal $0.25/m3 minimum* Total $1.32/m3 minimum Minimum Charge $0.00/m3 Residual Value $0.00/m3 Forestry Futures $0.00/m3 Forest Renewal $0.00/m3 Total $0.00/m3 *Forest Renewal is a minimum of $0.25/m3 – set by District Managers based on renewal needs 1 m3 = 0.276 cords Price is for 10 years to be reviewed after 5 years $ collected go only to forest silviculture & inventory

19. Biofibre Harvest Volumes by FMU up to Nov. 08 1 m3 = 0.276 cords

20. Biofibre Harvest Volumes by FMU up to April ‘09 1 m3 = 0.276 cords

21. 1 m3 = 0.276 cords

22. Ministry of Natural Resources' Staged Competition for Crown Wood Supply in Ontario • Stage One – Request for Expression of Interest • Deadline was March 3rd, 2009 • Over 130 proponent applications • Stage Two - Wood Supply Competitive Process

23. Stage One Proposed Uses

24. Science & Knowledge Development and Transfer • Develop a knowledge management strategy and transfer plan on bioeconomy matters • Assess science capacity and knowledge and determine mechanisms to fill gaps • Engage in science networks at provincial, national and international level • Collaboration effort with FP Innovations and Universities to support the transformation of the forest sector • Investigate climate change benefits of bioeconomy projects • Collaborate and conduct research as part of the Great Lakes Forest Alliance

25. MNR’s Fast Pyrolysis Transportable Biorefinery Project New forest derived products New business opportunities Develop and demonstrate Research integration of the technology within existing forest harvesting operations.

26. Community Involvement and Socio-Economic Development • Social and economic comparative analysis • Community combined heat and power • Support community development initiatives • Engage other Ministries to develop ways to engage Aboriginal and rural communities

27. Conclusion • There is a great deal of interest in making use of Ontario’s forests to support the development of the bioeconomy. • Ontario is actively supporting a series of initiatives to advance the development of a forest bioeconomy. • We’re willing to entertain partnerships to advance areas of common interest as they relate to the use of forest resources for the bioeconomy.

28. Questions???? Dr. Jason Koivisto MNR – Industry Relations Branch 945-6758 jason.koivisto@ontario.ca