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Waterfalls and Gorges

Waterfalls and Gorges . Presented to you by Gemma And Carly Corprated . What is a waterfall . A waterfall is a cascade of water from a river or stream falling vertically from a height over a rock waterfalls form when there is a sudden interruption in the course of a river.

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Waterfalls and Gorges

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  1. Waterfalls and Gorges Presented to you by Gemma And Carly Corprated

  2. What is a waterfall • A waterfall is a cascade of water from a river or stream falling vertically from a height over a rock • waterfalls form when there is a sudden interruption in the course of a river

  3. How waterfalls form • Waterfalls commonly only form where water rushes down steep hillsides and quickly erodes the rocks. The height and number of waterfalls along a stream or river depends upon the type of rocks that are being eroded by the water. Some types of rocks (shale, for example) wear away more easily than others (such as sandstone or limestone).

  4. The formation of a waterfall Waterfalls may form when rivers run from harder rocks to softer ones. As the less resistant rocks erode more rapidly, the overlaying harder rocks will be under cut until they collapse. Repetition of the process and removal of the eroded materials from the plunge pool will cause the line of the waterfall to Retreat upstream, leaving a steep sided gorge.

  5. Famous Waterfalls. • Facts • The tallest waterfall in the world is The Angel Falls. It is 979 metres high. • The highest waterfall in Africa is the Tugela Falls at 947 metres. It is found in South Africa. • Europe's highest waterfall, Utigard in Norway, is 800 metres high. • The Yosemite waterfall (739 metres) is the highest waterfall in the USA. • The Niagara Falls are visited by thousands of tourists each year.

  6. Where are the Victoria falls located? • The Victoria Falls are on the River Zambezi, on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia

  7. The Victoria Falls • Facts • The Victoria Falls were named after Queen Victoria. • The Victoria Falls are 1700 metres wide. They drop 120 metres into a 30 metre wide gorge below the waterfall. • They were discovered by the Scottish explorer David Livingstone in 1855. • They are a major tourist attraction in Africa, and can be viewed by a footbridge. • The Rainbow Falls are part of the Victoria Falls. • Devil's Cataract is part of the Victoria Falls.

  8. Where Are The Niagara Falls Located? LocationThe Niagara Falls are between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, on the border between Canada and the USA. The falls are partly in Canada and partly in the USA and they are separated by Goat Island.

  9. The Niagara Falls • Facts • It's easy to get to the Niagara Falls from cities like New York and Boston in the USA. • The Niagara Falls are one of the most famous waterfalls in the world. • The Niagara Falls are a cataract type of waterfall. They were formed by the erosion of soft rock lying underneath hard rock. • The American Falls are 51 metres high and 330 metres wide and the Canadian Horseshoe Falls are 49 metres high and 790 metres wide.

  10. Types of erosion which occur with waterfalls. • Attrition - when boulders and other materials are being transported along the riverbed. • Abrasion - When sediment is rubbed along the river banks and bed wearing them away. • Corrosion - Weak acid in the river dissolves rocks that form the bed and banks e.g. limestone • Hydraulic action- is when the sheer force of the river dislodges particles fromthe rivers banks and bed

  11. What is a Gauge • A gorge is a natural feature in the river it is created when a waterfall under cuts the rock • and forces it further back.

  12. Who are waterfalls and gorges a dangers to? • White water rafters • Tourist can be in danger if they do not follow safety instructions from tourist broads when they go on excursions to waterfalls.

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