1 / 14

Metabolism

Discover how feasting and fasting affect metabolism, energy storage, and energy expenditure in the body. Learn about glycogen stores, fat utilization, basal metabolism, and more.

grecos
Télécharger la présentation

Metabolism

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Metabolism

  2. Feasting • Feasting adds to body stores of carbohydrate and fat • Excess carbohydrate  used to fill glycogen stores  excess glucose stored as fat • Excess fat  stored as fat • Excess protein  remove N and store as fat

  3. Fasting – Glycogen Available • Draw upon stores during: • fasts (even short-term) • during exercise • Energy stores used: • Carbohydrate – stored as ________________ • Fat

  4. Fasting – Glycogen Available • Liver glycogen  blood glucose  energy for all cells • Muscle glycogen  muscle glucose  energy for muscle cells • Fat stores  fatty acids in blood  provide energy for all cells, but brain and CNS

  5. Fasting – Glycogen Stores EMPTY • Only protein and fats are available as a source of energy • See board!

  6. Estimating Energy Needs Body uses energy for: • Basal metabolism • Thermic effect of food • Physical activity

  7. Basal Metabolism • Basal metabolism • Energy needed to maintain the body at complete rest (physical, emotional, and digestive) • Largest component of daily energy expenditure

  8. Basal Metabolism • Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) • # kcal burned per hour per kg body weight

  9. Basal Metabolism • BMR impacted by: • Lean body mass • More LBM, the higher your BMR • More fat, the lower your BMR • Age and gender (related to LBM) • BMR slows with age • BMR higher in males

  10. Basal Metabolism • Height • Taller, thinner people have a higher BMR • More surface area to support • Fever raise BMR • 10 F fever raises BMR by 7% • Fasting and malnutrition lower BMR

  11. Basal Metabolism • Smoking and caffeine raise BMR • Stress raises BMR

  12. Thermic Effect of Food • TEF – energy needed to digest, absorb, transport, and metabolize nutrients • Smallest component of daily energy expenditure • ~ 10% caloric intake

  13. Physical Activity • Physical Activity – energy needed to support voluntary activity • Energy required impacted by: • Muscle mass • Body weight • Nature of activity • Duration, intensity, frequency

  14. Energy Expenditure • Summary • To maintain energy balance, energy input must balance energy expenditure • Expend energy to: • support basal metabolism] • process foods (TEF) • support physical activity

More Related