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e-Government. Hüseyin Aşık Beyza Nur Erkan Duygu Mersin Korkut Sert Özlem Polat. What is a government ?.
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e-Government Hüseyin Aşık Beyza Nur Erkan Duygu Mersin Korkut Sert Özlem Polat
What is a government ? A government isan organization exerting centralized control over a community (i.e., over a state). This is made possible by imposing taxation via suchagencies as the revenue service and, if necessary for the actualization of a policy, by use and initiation of force via such agencies as the policeand themilitary.
What is e-Government ? 'Electronic Government' (or in short 'e-Government') essentially refers to ‘The utilization of Information Technology (IT), Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and other web-basedtelecommunication technologies to improve and/or enhance on the efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery in the public sector.’ (Jeong, 2007)
Formation process of e-government • First Period:(1993-1998)Internet was used for knowledge and sharing • Second Period:(1998-2001) Making online transactions and provide services • Third Period:(2001-?) Integration of Web Sites
Elements of E-government . E-GOVERNMENT E-Citizen E-Company/Business E-Institution E-Employee E-Officer
Aim of e-government project • Citizen-centered service delivery Citizen can access to government’s services according to their needs easily • Saving Citizen do not need to go to public institutions • Security Delivering and preserving to related institutions the information that belongs to citizen securily • Standardization No paper waste • Integration Citizens to take a single point of elect. public services
Categories Of e-Government The e-government services can be categorizedaccording to the service areas that have the greatest impact and are of the highest value to the consumers. In general, these can be organized into three categories • Government-to-Citizen (G2C) • Government-to-Business (G2B) • Government-to-Government (G2G)
1-Government to Citizen (G2C) The citizen has a number of relations to the state. These include client, customer, voter, subject (to laws and regulations), claimants, beneficiaries, etc. G2C interactions vary in their level of complexity and in the symmetry of the transaction. In the simplest interaction, citizen may wish to obtain general information form government where secure communication and citizen’s identity is not necessary. On a more complex level, citizens may provide information to government by identifying themselves, in which protection of privacy and secured communication in both directions are required.
2-Government to Business (G2B) Businesses do not vote, but instead, with other relations, they may act as providers to government in instances where government contracts services to businesses or operates in conjunction with them. As with G2C, G2B interactions vary in their level of complexity and in the symmetry of the transaction. The same privacy and security concerns shall apply in this area.
3-Government to Government(G2G) The relationships between different government institutions may occur at different levels or may even cross from one level to another, like supranational, national, regional and municipal levels. As with the exchanges between government and citizens, e- government exchanges between government agencies may be a 20two-way process, where user provides information to trigger the flow of information. In another use, one government agency can provide information for another one to browse.
Successfull implementation of e-government • Comprehensive • Integrated • Ubiquitous • Transparent/Easy to use • Accessible
Successfull implementation of e-government • Secure • Private • Re-engineered • Interoperable • Be developed to e-governance systems
Benefits to Citizens and Businesses • Paperwork Reduction • A citizen does everywork in the house • More Fast,Low-Cost,and 24-Hour Service • Ensuring transparency and equality in service
Benefits to the Public • Acquring Inter-Communication Speed and Time • Accurate,consistency and Updated Information Submissions • Information Sharing and Expanding participation,decisions fast,unbiased and correct taken • Prevention of repeated Investments • Savings Provision of Public Services
Disadvantages of e-government • The main disadvantage of an electronic government is to move the government services into an electronic based system. This system loses the person to person interaction which is valued by a lot of people. • In addition, the implementation of an e-government service is that, with many technology based services, it is often easy to make the excuse (e.g. the server has gone down) that problems with the service provided are because of the technology. • The implementation of an e government does have certain constraints. Literacy of the users and the ability to use the computer, users who do not know how to read and write would need assistance.
Disadvantages of e-government • Studies have shown that there is potential for a reduction in the usability of government online due to factors such as the access to Internet technology and usability of services and the ability to access to computers. • Even though the level of confidence in the security offered by government web sites are high, the public are still concerned over security, fear of spam from providing email addresses, and government retention of transaction or interaction history.
The process of e-governmentdevelopment in Turkey • 2004 Started with taking taxes proclamation online over internet. A network has been started to agains illegal economy. The needed infrastructure and software has been provided for e-signature. • 2005: Türk Telekom and Oyak Teknoloji has agreed to generate main gateway for 20 million Euro. E-signature sertification center is started to provide all public instutetions.
The process of e-governmentdevelopment in Turkey • 2006:The Ministry of Education has launched a project called e-schools. E-Government has been given to TURKSAT.AŞ. • 2007:Electronic identity cards was published in the Official Newspaper. • 2008:Land Registration and Cadastre Project was started to Euros 130,5. December 18, 2008 in E-Government Portal was opened.
The process of e-governmentdevelopment in Turkey e-government gateway is opened 2008 2006 2005 Published information society strategy 2004 Concrete projects started to targets (e-government gateway) Assigned to various institutions 2003 Started e –transformation project and DPT is assigned
Access to e-government gateway Identity Authentication • e-government password • Mobile Sign • Electronic Sign • T.C Identity Card
E-government password Envelope containing the password for the e-government,Post Office branches and consulates abroad,by applying on the T.C where submitting ID shall be supplied by the identification number
Mobil Sign Mobile phone and GSM SIM card using the Electronic Signature Act 5070 and related legislation in a safe manner in accordance with the nature of wet signature, electronic signature, which allows operation to practice.
Electronic Sign Electronic signature in electronic form by adding the signer of a document used to determine who is the data. Law No. 5070 in accordance with the e-signature, the signature is equal to the wet. Distributed by the organizations authorized to distribute e-signature certificate signing process is done using certificates.
T.C Identity Card TC ID Card in the near future as the population wallet in the place of legal citizenship card will be used. TC ID Card, the scope of the pilot program, citizens are residing in the province of Bolu.
E-government Gateway 2008 2009 2010 2011 May 2012 311 Service and39integratedinstutions 12.700.000users 22 Service 6.990 Users 42 Service 22.123 Users 163 Service 229.700 Users 255 Service 5.872.840 Users
The Use of e-Government Gateway • The average monthly number of login=5.000.000 • Monthly average number of service=30.000.000 • Service average area snapshot (1 second) number of users in overtime period=6.000 Taken passwordPersonRate% Never Login 1.625.603 13 Once 2.266.219 18 Twice 1.526.274 12 Thrice 1.081.494 8 Four Times 814.027 6 Five Times and More 5.412.637 43 Total Number of Users 12.726.254
E-government Projects UYAP Ministry of Justice has started the effort to implement a National JudicialNetwork Project (UYAP) since year 2000. The main objective of this project is automation of all the judicial units and integration with the external units to achieve high quality service in justice. In other words to develop the e-justice module of the e-government studies and efforts(http://www.adalet.gov.tr)
E-government Projects MERNIS (Central Public Registration Management System) Project, which consists of creating a central public registration database, assigning a unique number for each citizen (T.R. ID No), providing modern ID cards, assessing registration and family statistics accurately and providing e-services to public organizations and citizens (http://www.nvi.gov.tr).
E-government Projects VEDOP (Tax Administration Automation Project) is the execution of all the tax transactions interactively though Internet (http://gelirler.gov.tr). The available e-services include: online “Tax ID Number” inquiry, online motor-vehicle tax transactions, online corporate tax transactions, online income tax transactions, online calculation of delinquent tax-due, overdue-tax, cash discount.
E-government Projects POL-NET PolNet is the Computer Network and Information System of Turkish National Police. ….a common database enabling information automation and providing a rapid and an uninterrupted access from all around the country. …a secure data sharing environment for correspondence and exchange of information
E-government Projects TAKBIS Land and Cadastre Office have built a national land data information system called TAKBIS. In this project, TAPUNET system was built for citizens for data inquiry about land and cadastre information online from anywhere (http://www.tkgm.gov.tr/tapunet/tapunet.htm)
E-Government in Europe • Technology strategies and government transformation program was released in 2005 with the work of the UK e-Government framework has been drawn. • With the realization of transformation of two separate portal for citizens and the business community have been implemented. • 60% of Internet users use e-government services from a common platform. • In England, Save 1,42 billion £ from 2011-2015.
E-Government in America • E-Transformation studies started in 1998 was completed in 2007. • Both the state and national sense on the basis of service delivery platforms and data sharing at the level of the top of the level of maturity. • 60% of Internet users use e-government services from a common platform. • e-Government services traversed per transaction,save up to 24 percent. • Save 3 Billion $ by 2015.
