1. Research Method on ELT 1 Ezis Japar Sidik

2. Things to discuss for today: • Classroom Rules • Assessment c. Materials to be covered; and d. Recommended readings e. Introduction to Research Method

3. Classroom rules • Attend at class on time (15 minutes late is still considered on time) • Up to 80% of attendance • Excuse should be informed in advance • Claim sick should be accompany with health certificate (if more than 2-days-off ) • Those with attendance less than 80% might only receive D/E

4. Assessment • Details: 1) Attendance 5 %, 2) Participation/Contribution to Class Discussion 10 %, 3) Evidence of Learning 10 %, 4) Research Outline 5%, 5) Research Proposal 25%, 6) Mid-Test 20%, and 7) Final-test 25%. B. Converted: ABS + TRSK: 25% (1 + 2 + 3) UTS : 25% (4 + 6) UAS : 50% (5 + 7)

5. Materials covered Week / Topics • Introduction: (Classroom rules & “What is meant by Research?”) • Research approached in education. • Research problem. • Literature Review. • Research variables and Hypothesis. • Research Sampling. • Data collection Techniques/Data Instrument. • Mid-test(Research Outline is due this week) • Validity and Reliability • Processing and analyzing data (Descriptive Statistics) • (Sampling) and Inferential Statistics • Experimental Research and Experimental Research Design (Types of Experimental Research). • Ex Post Facto Research. • Correlational Research. • Survey Research. • Writing Proposal (for Quantitative Research) & Final test (Or as Scheduled)

6. Recommended readings • Ari, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C. & Razavieh, A.: Introduction to Research in Education. 2. Burns, R. B.: Introduction to Research Method 3. Cohen, L., Manion, L. & Morrison, K: Research Method in Education 4. Khotari, C. R.: Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques 5. Nunan, David: Research Method in Language Learning 6. Fraenkel, J.R., Wallen, N.E. & Hyun, H.H: How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education

7. Research Methodology on ELT 1 • What is Research? • Why do Research (Objectives)?

8. What is meant by research? • Refers to a search for knowledge/information; is a scientific & systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic; is an art of scientific investigation (Khotari, 2004) • is a systematic investigation to find answers to a problem (Burns, 1994) • Thus, what are the differences research and daily search of information?

9. What is meant by scientific / systematic? • Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis/suggested solutions; collecting, organizing, and evaluating data; making deductions & reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis (Woody in Khotari, 2004)

10. Why do Research? • Objectives: • Search for (problem) solutions • Contribute to knowledge • Test hypothesis

11. Types of research • Descriptive vs. Analytical: • Applied vs. Fundamental • Quantitative vs. Qualitative • Conceptual vs. Empirical • One-time research or longitudinal research • Field-setting research or laboratory research or simulation research • Clinical or diagnostic research

12. Research Approach • Qualitative vs. Quantitative approaches: • Qualitative approach involves the generation of data in quantitative form which can be subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis in a formal and rigid fashion. • Qualitative approach to research is concerned with subjective assessment of attitudes, opinions and behaviour