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Acids and Bases

Explore the properties, formulas, and uses of acids and bases. Learn about binary acids, oxyacids, common bases, and their effects. Also, discover the pH scale through an engaging song. Gain knowledge on toxic chemicals and practice acid-base naming.

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. Acids

  3. Substances that dissociate in solution to produce HYDROGEN IONS (H+) (“PROTONS”) • Chemical formula begins with an H and is usually followed by “(aq)” • Taste sour, water soluble, conduct electricity • React with metals and carbonates (corrosive)

  4. BINARY ACIDS- molecular compound in which H is combined with another non-metallic element • Hydrofluoric acid, HF(aq), etching glass • Hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), cleaning concrete • Hydrobromic acid, HBr(aq), cleaning compounds • Hydrosulphuric acid, H2S(aq), purifying metals

  5. Binary acids are very dangerous • They can cause CHEMICAL BURNS if not handled safely

  6. OXYACIDS- an acid that contains O, at least one other element, and at least one H attached to an O • Acetic acid (vinegar) HC2H3O2(aq) , salad dressing • Citric acid, HC6H7O7(aq), oranges, lemons • Ascorbic acid, HC6H7O6(aq), vitamin C • Lactic acid, HC3H5O3(aq), sour milk • Carbonic acid, H2CO3(aq), carbonated drinks • Acetylsalcyclic acid (ASA), HC9H7O4(aq), Aspirin • Sulphuric acid, H2SO4(aq), car batteries

  7. Bases

  8. “ALKALINE” • Substances that dissociate in solution to produce HYDROXIDE IONS (OH-), chemical formula is usually followed by “(aq)” • Taste bitter, water soluble, slippery feeling, conducts electricity • Reacts with proteins

  9. Common Bases: • Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), NaOH(aq) , industrial chemical, drain cleaner • Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3(aq) , heartburn medication • Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), making baked goods rise, abrasive cleaner • Ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH(aq) , window cleaner

  10. Effects of alkali ingestion

  11. Alkali burn to eye- subsequent loss of sight

  12. ACIDS, BASES, AND PH SCALE SONG: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1-I&feature=related

  13. Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Life

  14. TOXIC CHEMICALS LOBBY: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_q75F_hjg7o&feature=pyv&ad=5849963259&kw=chemicals Practice with naming for acids and bases: Complete the “Acids and Bases” half of the worksheet in your worksheet package.

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