Download
1 / 28
280 likes | 475 Vues
They are more or less closely synonymous when they mean: to produce or to have an effect upon a person or upon a thing capable of a reaction.. affect. Affect always presupposes a stimulus powerful enough to evoke a response or elicit a reaction:Our eardrums are affected by ten octaves, at most, ou
E N D
1. affect influence touch impress strike sway
2. They are more or less closely synonymous when they mean:
to produce or to have an effect upon a person or upon a thing capable of a reaction.
3. affect Affect always presupposes a stimulus powerful enough to evoke a response or elicit a reaction:
Our eardrums are affected by ten octaves, at most, out of the endless range of sounds.
Even changes of season affected the townsmen very little. - Huxley
4. Often, in addition, affect implies a definite alteration or modification:
I am afraidthat this adventure has rather affected your admiration of her fine eyes.
_ Austen
When the object of the verb is a person, an intellectual or emotional effect is usually implied:
Such poetry affects one as trite and meaningless
The sight affected her to tears.
5. influence Influence always presupposes an agent that moves a person or thing in some way or to some degree from a course, or effects changes in nature, character, or behavior:
1 The judge was never influenced in his decisions by his sympathies or prejudices .
2 The body influences the mind and the mind the body.
6. influence Sometimes the implication of inducing, or inciting, or persuading, or even bribing is strong:
? Mono? maniacs, having first persuaded themselves, contrive to influence their neighbors - Meredith
7. touch Touch frequently equals affect, but it often carries a more vivid suggestion of close contact or of the force of impact, and therefore, variously connotes stirring, arousing, or harming:
1 He was for the first time powerfully touched by the presence of a woman.
2 A small object whose exquisite workmanship has touched me with its intimate charm
8. touch Touch, most often, but impress and strike always, imply a mental or emotional effect.
9. impress Impress usually stresses the depth and lastingness of the effect, for something that impresses is commonly what is remembered or noticed or is worth remembering or noticing:
Only one of the speeches that evening impressed him.
The men he wanted to impress were only amused
10. strike Strike is often felt to be more colloquial than impress and less rich in its suggestions:
A hat that struck her fancy
However strike connotes suddenness or sharpness of response rather than depth of impression; it may even carry a hint of a swift passing:
The remark struck him as extremely acute
They strike mine eyes, but not my heart
11. sway Sway, which basically means to influence, differs from the latter word in implying both the pressure or control of some force that is either not resisted or is in itself irresistible, and resulting change or fluctuation in character, opinions, or decisions of the person concerned:
The notionof capricious deities, swayed by human passions and desires, was incompatible with the idea of fixed law
-Dickinson
12. sway Other conditions than those of classroom have swayed him for good or evil.
He is swayed by fashion, by suggestion, by transient moods.
13. affect vs. effect They are a source of difficulty because both verbs imply the production of an effect and takes as their corresponding noun the same word, effect.
14. affect Affect, the verb, distinctively implies the action or operation of an agency rather than of an agent; it therefore means to influence:
Moisture affects steel.
High prices affect our pocketbooks.
The climate has affected his health.
15. effect Effect, the verb implies the achievement of an end in view, and requires as its subject an intelligent agent or the means he uses to attain his end: it therefore means to bring about:
1 The prisoners effected their escape.
2 The new system of accounting will effect a reduction in costs.
16. Since the noun effect may be applied to any result whether brought about unconsciously or consciously, it serves equally well whether it names a result of the influence of one thing upon another or of directed effort.
17. Word choice: affect/effect Affect is the usual verb and effect is the usual noun.
1 How do you think the changes will affect you?
(Not * affect on/to/in you)
2 What effect do you think the changes will have on you?
18. The verb effect is fairly formal and is only used in particular meanings, for example, you might effect changes or a plan of action (=make them happen). It does not mean the same as affect.
19. affectation n. [C, U] : behavior that is not sincere or natural
affected adj. not sincere or natural
affecting adj. formal producing strong emotions of sadness, pity etc.
a deeply affecting story
20. affection: a gentle feeling of love and caring (~ for) 1 Bart felt a great affection for the old man.
2 Their mother never shows them much affection.
21. affectionate: adj. showing in a gentle way that you love someone an affectionate hug
A very affectionate child
An affectionate brother
Sbs affectionate care for his people
Shes very affectionate to/with him. ????
???????
???????
??????????
?????
22. attachment: a feeling that you like or love someone or something that you will be unhappy without them (to/for) I did feel a certain sense of attachment for the strange old guy.
23. Affection, attachment, love They denote the feeling which animates a person who is genuinely fond of someone or something.
24. Affection and attachment differ in that affection usually has for its object a sentient being, whereas that of attachment may be even an inanimate thing: 1 an attachment to his profession
feels a strong attachment to the house in which he lived
25. Attachment implies strong liking, devotion, or loyalty; affection, rather warmth and tenderness of sentiment: a profound attachment to the King as king
it cannot show lack of attachment to the principles of the Constitution that she thinks it can be improved
widespread American affection for France
26. Affection and love differ in that affection implies a feeling more settled and regulated, less intense or ardent, than love, which alone of the three may connote passion.
27. Thus to ones friends anyone of the three terms may be applicable;
to the members of ones own family, love or affection, but usually not attachment;
to God, love (in the sense of reverent devotion), but not affection or attachment;
28. to ones country, love, esp. if ardent patriotism is implied, affection, if the emphasis is upon genuine but not blind devotion, attachment, if allegiance and loyalty are definitely connoted.
