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An introduction to a simple, yet powerful programming language

Python is a simple yet powerful programming language known for its clear, readable syntax and intuitive object orientation. It offers strong introspection capabilities, full modularity, and extensive standard libraries, making it suitable for almost any task. From dynamic data types and exception-based error handling to easy integration with C and C++, Python is an excellent choice for both beginners and advanced users. This guide covers input handling, lists, tuples, flow control, and dictionaries, showcasing Python's versatility with practical examples.

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An introduction to a simple, yet powerful programming language

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  1. An introduction to a simple, yet powerful programming language

  2. Key Features • very clear, readable syntax • strong introspection capabilities • intuitive object orientation • natural expression of procedural code • full modularity, supporting hierarchical packages • exception-based error handling • very high level dynamic data types • extensive standard libraries and third party modules for virtually every task • extensions and modules easily written in C, C++ (or Java for Jython, or .NET languages for IronPython) • embeddable within applications as a scripting interface

  3. Examples • The following examples shows some key features • Input • Lists • Tuples • Flow control • While • If • Dictionaries • Exceptions

  4. HelloWorld # Hello World print 'Hello World' /home/user/Python/Python> python HelloWorld.py Hello World /home/user/Python/Python>

  5. Input # Input word = raw_input("Write a word in italian: ")‏ print "Your italian word was", word Write a word in Italian: Ciao Your italian word was Ciao

  6. Input # Math a=10 b=8.2 print a/3, a/3.0 print b/2, b/2.0 print "(b*a)/3.0=" , (b*a)/3.0, "." 3 3.33333333333 4.1 4.1 (b*a)/3.0= 27.3333333333 .

  7. Flow Control # Control i=1 while i < 7: if i == 3: print "3" elif i==4: print "4" else: print "x" i=i+1 print "End" x x 3 4 x x End

  8. Lists # Lists and Tuples cars=['volvo', 'saab', 'fiat', 'skoda'] print cars[2] cars.append('audi')‏ print cars fiat ['volvo', 'saab', 'fiat', 'skoda', 'audi']

  9. Tuples scooters= 'vespa', 'lambretta' # scooter.append() does not work on tuples! print scooters, scooters[0] ('vespa', 'lambretta') vespa

  10. list()‏ vehicle=list()‏ vehicle.append(scooters)‏ vehicle.append(cars)‏ print vehicle print vehicle[1] [('vespa', 'lambretta'), ['volvo', 'saab', 'fiat', 'skoda', 'audi']] ['volvo', 'saab', 'fiat', 'skoda', 'audi']

  11. for statement for car in cars: print car volvo saab fiat skoda audi

  12. Dictionaries # Dictionaries and Exceptions EngIta={'all':'tutto', 'begin': 'cominciare', 'dark': ['buio', 'scuro'], 'find': 'trovare'} print EngIta print EngIta['begin'] print EngIta['dark'] print for word in EngIta: print word+" =", EngIta[word] {'dark': ['buio', 'scuro'], 'all': 'tutto', 'begin': 'cominciare', 'find': 'trovare'} cominciare ['buio', 'scuro'] dark = ['buio', 'scuro'] all = tutto begin = cominciare find = trovare

  13. Exceptions try: word = raw_input("Write a word in English: ")‏ print EngIta[word] except KeyError: print "Word not in dictionary!" Write a word in English: dark ['buio', 'scuro'] Write a word in English: light Word not in dictionary!

  14. Conclusions • Python is rather easy to learn • The syntax is similar to C/C++ and Java • Use indention and not { } • Python also have features that is different from C, or even are unique for Python! • Lists • Tuples • Dictionaries

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