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Chapter 17 Pacific South America

Explore the physical geography, history, and culture of Pacific South America, including the Andes mountain range, the Amazon rainforest, and the ancient Inca civilization. Learn about the Strait of Magellan, El Niño, and the rich resources of this diverse region.

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Chapter 17 Pacific South America

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  1. Chapter 17 Pacific South America 6th Grade Social Studies

  2. Section 1: Physical Geography • Strait of Magellan • Tierra del Fuego • Cape Horn • Amazon River • Altiplano • Lake Titicaca • Lake Poopo • Atacama Desert • Andes

  3. Vocabulary • Strait- A narrow passageway that connects two large bodies of water • Selvas- The thick tropical rain forests of eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and northern Bolivia

  4. Vocabulary (cont.) • El NiñoAn ocean and weather pattern in the Pacific Ocean in which ocean waters become warmer • Peru Current- A cold ocean current off the coast of western South America 3:49

  5. Main Ideas • The main landform region of Pacific South America is the Andes. • El Nino is a weather pattern that causes heavy rains along the coast.

  6. SECTION 1 Andes and Altiplano (glaciers, ice cap, Lake Titicaca, Lake Poopó, dry) eastern plains (Amazon River rain forest, grass lands, oil, natural gas, silver, gold, other minerals) Pacific coast (Atacama Desert, fog, minerals) Pacific Ocean (Peru Current, fish) Physical Geography Physical Geography of Pacific South America

  7. Section 2: History and Culture

  8. Main Ideas • The Inca were able to communicate across great distances by using swift runners, a good road system and quipus. • ***The Inca were experts in: (NO MOSIACS) 1. road building 2. metalwork 3. stonework • Gold and silver attracted Spanish conquerors to Pacific South America.

  9. Section 2: History and Culture • Vocabulary • Quinoa- (KEEN-wah) A native plant of South America’s Andean region that yields nutritious seeds • Quipus- (KEE-pooz) Complicated systems of knots tied on strings of various colors, used by the Inca of South America to record information • Viceroy- The governor of a colony

  10. Vocabulary (cont.) • Creoles- American-born descendents of Europeans in Spanish South America • Coup- (KOO) A sudden overthrow of a government by a small group of people 6:18

  11. Terraced Hillsides • *** Early farmers grew crops in the Andes by cutting terraces into the mountains.

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  13. SECTION 2 History and Culture Achievements and Characteristics of Pre-Inca and Inca Civilizations Pre-Inca Cultures Inca • in area for thousands of years • agriculture basis of economy • cut terraces into hillsides • domesticated quinoa, grew potatoes • raised llamas and alpacas • raised and ate guinea pigs • conquered other Andean peoples by early 1500s • controlled area from southern Colombia to central Chile • skilled at stonework and metalwork • built irrigation projects, road system, suspension bridges • no wheeled vehicles, horses, or writing system • used quipus

  14. Machu Picchu 6:53

  15. Section 3: Pacific South America Today Peru Bolivia 2 1 Ecuador 4 Chile Guess the countries 3

  16. Main Ideas • Rich oil deposits are drawing people to Ecuador’s eastern lowlands. • Many people move from the countryside to Lima to find jobs in industry and government.

  17. Section 3: Pacific South America Today • Vocabulary • Quechua- (KE-chuh-wuh) The language of South America’s Inca; still spoken in the region • Junta- (HOOHN-tuh) A small group of military officers who rule a country after seizing power 4:49

  18. Machu Picchu • Ancient Civilization in Peru

  19. Guinea Pigs: Peru The Spanish Version of "The Last Supper" Painted Just For Peru! By Marcos Zapata Showing Christ And The Apostles Having Guinea-Pig, With A Glass Of Chicha!

  20. Yummy!!! Guinea Pig anyone?

  21. SECTION 3 Ecuador Bolivia Peru Regions Major Cities Economy Pacific South America Today Geographic and Economic Features of Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru coastal lowland, Andes, eastern lowlands coastal plain, Altiplano, eastern plains coastal plain, Andes, eastern lowlands Guyaquil, Quito La Paz, Sucre, Santa Cruz Lima, Callao natural gas, farming, fishing, oil fertile soil, natural gas, metals forests for lumber and fruit, minerals, hydroelectric power, tourism

  22. Ecuador 18:58

  23. Equador • ***About 19 percent of people who live in Equador speak NATIVE LANGUAGES. • *** The three regions of Equador are: 1. coastal lowlands 2. mouantains 3. eastern lowlands

  24. Bolivia • ***Southeastern Bolivia contains wide grassland • Has two capitals, La Paz and Sucre • Has the highest percentage of Indians of any South American country.

  25. Important Reminders • ***The Inca were experts in: • ( notice, NO MOSIACS) 1. road building 2. metalwork 3. stonework *** Early farmers grew crops in the Andes by cutting terraces into the mountains

  26. continued • *** Early farmers grew crops in the Andes by cutting terraces into the mountains • ***About 19 percent of people who live in Equador speak NATIVE LANGUAGES. • *** The three regions of Equador are: 1. coastal lowlands 2. mouantains 3. eastern lowlands

  27. continued • ***Southeastern Bolivia contains wide grassland

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