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Erik Erikson’s 8 Stages of Socialization

Erik Erikson’s 8 Stages of Socialization. STAGE ONE: INFANCY THE CHALLENGE OF TRUST & MISTRUST. BETWEEN BIRTH & 18 MONTHS. INFANTS FACE THE FIRST OF MANY CHALLENGES: TO ESTABLISH A SENSE OF TRUST THAT THEIR WORLD IS A SAFE PLACE.

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Erik Erikson’s 8 Stages of Socialization

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  1. Erik Erikson’s 8 Stages of Socialization • STAGE ONE: INFANCY • THE CHALLENGE OF TRUST & MISTRUST. • BETWEEN BIRTH & 18 MONTHS. • INFANTS FACE THE FIRST OF MANY CHALLENGES: TO ESTABLISH A SENSE OF TRUST THAT THEIR WORLD IS A SAFE PLACE. • FAMILY MEMBERS PLAY A KEY ROLE IN HOW THE CHILD MEETS THIS CHALLENGE.

  2. STAGE 2: TODDLERHOOD • 18 MONTHS – 3 YEARS. • THIS NEXT CHALLENGE IS TO LEARN SKILLS TO COPE WITH THE WORLD IN A CONFIDENT WAY. FAILING TO GAIN SELF-CONTROL LEADS CHILDREN TO DOUBT THEIR ABILITIES.

  3. STAGE 3: PRESCHOOL • FOUR AND FIVE YEAR OLDS MUST LEARN TO ENGAGE THEIR SURROUNDINGS – INCLUDING PEOPLE OUTSIDE THEIR FAMILY OR EXPERIENCE GUILT AT FAILING TO MEET THE EXPECTATIONS OF PARENTS AND OTHERS.

  4. STAGE 4: PREADOLESCENCE • BETWEEN AGES 6 AND 13, KIDS ENTER SCHOOL, MAKE FRIENDS, AND STRIKE OUT ON THEIR OWN MORE AND MORE. • THEY FEEL PROUD OF THEIR ACCOMPLISHMENTS, OR FEAR THAT THEY DO NOT MEASURE UP.

  5. STAGE 5: ADOLESCENCE • THE CHALLENGE OF GAINING IDENTITY VERSUS CONFUSION. • DURING THE TEEN YEARS • A TIME WHEN YOUNG PEOPLE STRUGGLE TO ESTABLISH THEIR OWN IDENTITY. • IN PART, TEENS IDENTIFY WITH OTHERS, BUT THEY ALSO WANT TO BE UNIQUE. • ALMOST ALL TEENS EXPERIENCE SOME CONFUSION AS THEY STRUGGLE TO ESTABLISH AN IDENTITY.

  6. STAGE 6: YOUNG ADULTHOOD • CHALLENGE FOR YOUNG ADULTS TO FORM AND MAINTAIN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS. • FALLING IN LOVE AS WELL AS MAKING CLOSE FRIENDS INVOLVES BALANCING THE NEED TO BOND WITH THE NEED TO HAVE A SEPARATE IDENTITY.

  7. STAGE 7: MIDDLE ADULTHOOD • THE CHALLENGE OF MAKING A DIFFERENCE VERSUS SELF-ABSORPTION. • THE CHALLENGE OF MIDDLE AGE IS CONTRIBUTING TO THE LIVES OF OTHERS IN THE FAMILY, AT WORK, AND IN THE LARGER WORLD. • FAILING AT THIS, PEOPLE BECOME STAGNANT, CAUGHT UP IN THEIR OWN LIMITED CONCERNS. (THINK OF SCROOGE IN THE CHRISTMAS CAROL.)

  8. STAGE 8: OLD AGE • THE CHALLENGE OF INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR. • NEAR THE END OF OUR LIVES, PEOPLE HOPE TO LOOK BACK ON WHAT THEY HAVE ACCOMPLISHED WITH A SENSE OF INTEGRITY AND SATISFACTION. FOR THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN SELF-ABSORBED, OLD AGE BRINGS ONLY A SENSE OF DESPAIR OVER MISSED OPPORTUNITIES.

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