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The concluding paragraph typically has two parts :

Just as every essay has a clear beginning, it should have a clear ending. The last paragraph, also know as the conclusion , should make your essay sound finished. The concluding paragraph typically has two parts :

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The concluding paragraph typically has two parts :

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  1. Just as every essay has a clear beginning, it should have a clear ending. The last paragraph, also know as the conclusion, should make your essay sound finished. The concluding paragraph typically has two parts: 1. The summary statementis one or two sentences which restate the thesis in a fresh way to reinforce the essay's main idea. • The summary statement is an effective way to start your concluding paragraph because it helps to drive home the ideas you've expressed in your essay. Look at your thesis statement again and rework it in a new way. Avoid repeating key words and phrases from the thesis statement because you don't want the summary statement to sound boring or repetitive. Using a thesaurus is a good way to find new, interesting words. 2. Theclincheris a final thought which should create a lasting impression on the reader.

  2. Here is a brief list of things that you might accomplish in your concluding paragraph. There are other things that you can do, and you certainly don't want to do all these things. They are only suggestions: • include a brief summary of the paper's main points. • ask a provocative question. • use a quotation. • evoke a vivid image. • call for some sort of action. • end with a warning. • universalize (compare to other situations). • suggest results or consequences.

  3. The Conclusion should include the following: • a restatement of the thesis statement, using some of the original language or language that "echoes" the original language. (The restatement, however, must not be a duplicate thesis statement.) • a summary of the three main points from the body of the paper. (informative and argumentative) • a final statement that gives the reader signals that the discussion has come to an end. (This final statement may be a "call to action" in an argumentative paper.)

  4. Informative and Argumentative • Emphasizing the purpose and importance of your essay • Explaining the significance or consequences of your findings • Indicating the wider applications of the method developed in your essay • Establishing your essay as the basis for further investigation • To show other directions of inquiry into the subject • You could add: • Why the essay was important or interesting • Any other areas in which your essay has significance: ethics, practical applications, politics

  5. Examples • Thesis Statement: Many Americans are buying the Toyota Corolla because of its competitive price, fuel economy, and high resale value.Summary Statement: Reasonable pricing, low miles per gallon, and an attractive resale value have all contributed to the popularity of the Toyota Corolla in today's market. • Thesis Statement: San Francisco is a stimulating place to visit because of its magnificent location, its theaters and art galleries, and its many fine restaurants.Summary Statement: If you love beautiful surroundings, world class theater and art, and an exquisite meal, then San Francisco is the place for you.

  6. Remember • As you write your conclusion, try to avoid the "so-as-you-can-see" ending and the "in conclusion my thesis statement proves that" or "states that" ending. All of these are overused and worn out. • You've already made your thesis and reasoning clear. You don't need to tell us that you've just told us something.

  7. The conclusion is your last chance to make your point clear. The concluding paragraph consists of: • A summary of the main points, or a restatement of your thesis in different words. • Your final comment on the subject, based on the information you have provided.

  8. Here are some basic principles you should follow to write an EFFECTIVE CONCLUSION: 1. The conclusion should follow logically from the body of the essay. 2. The conclusion must summarize the whole essay, not just one or two major points. 3. The conclusion should not raise any new points but must be related to the thesis statementor body of the essay.

  9. You can use different devices to make your final comment more interesting. Some of them are: • emphasize the result of the ideas in the essay; • offer a solution to the problems stated in the essay • predict a situation that will result or occur from the ideas introduced in the essay; • make a recommendation concerning material presented in the essay

  10. Transition Words • The concluding paragraph should be introduced with a conclusion transition signal: in conclusion, in summary, in brief, in short, indeed…

  11. A Conclusion Should: Stress the importance of the thesis statement. It should give the essay a sense of completeness, and leave a final impression on the reader.

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