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Key Events in International System Development

Explore significant historical events from the 17th century to modern times, shaping international relations dynamics and system evolution. Study the Treaty of Westphalia, multipolar systems, popular sovereignty, Westernization, World Wars, Cold War, and post-Cold War eras.

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Key Events in International System Development

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  1. Key Events in International System Development

  2. Key Events • The Beginning • 18th & 19th Centuries • 20th & 21st Centuries

  3. The Beginning Why is this building, the Friedensaal, significant to international relations?

  4. Treaty of Westphalia Signed in 1648- ended the 30 Years War

  5. Treaty of Westphalia-1648 3 things came out of the Treaty: Sovereignty States System

  6. 18th & 19th Centuries 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development • Culmination of Multipolar System • Demand for Popular Sovereignty • Westernization of International System

  7. 1- Culmination of Multipolar System Power Pole Power Pole Power Pole 1 Power Pole = Unipolar System 2 Power Poles = Bipolar System Growing Power Power Pole 4+ Power Poles = Multipolar System Power Pole Growing Power

  8. 18th & 19th Centuries 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development • Culmination of Multipolar System • Demand for Popular Sovereignty • Westernization of International System

  9. 2- Evolution of Popular Sovereignty • Raison d’état(‘Requirements of the State) • Challenges to raison d’état • Push for ‘popular’ sovereignty

  10. 18th & 19th Centuries 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development • Culmination of Multipolar System • Demand for Popular Sovereignty • Westernization of International System

  11. 3- Westernization of Int’l System Scientific & Technological Advances • Guns & Gunpowder • Naval Technology • Industrial Revolution Colonization & Imperialism • What are these? • Where?

  12. The Americas

  13. Africa • Britain • France • Germany • Italy • Portugal • Belgium • Spain

  14. Asia • Britain • Netherlands • France • U.S. • Japan • Russia

  15. The Sun Never Sets

  16. 20th & 21st Centuries • World War I -1914-1919 • Bolshevik Revolution • The Great Depression • World War II -1939-1945 • Post WWII • Cold War Era -1945-1991 • Post CW Era -1991 to present

  17. World War I • Treaty of Versailles • War Reparations • Empires end • Ottoman Empire • Austro-Hungarian Empire

  18. Ottoman Empire from 1807-1924 • All of Austria, Hungary, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, • Large parts of Serbia, Romania • Bits of Italy, Montenegro, Poland, Ukraine

  19. Austro-Hungarian Empire 1867–1918 • All of Austria, Hungary, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, • Parts of Romania, Poland, Germany, Italy, Ukraine

  20. Post World War I • Rise of Communist Russia • Rise of German nationalism Either Death to Capitalism or Death by Capitalism

  21. Post World War I • The Great Depression • Munich Conference • Sudentenland & Appeasement Policy Neville Chamberlain ‘appeasing’ Hitler, 1938

  22. World War II • European Theater of Operations • Pacific Theater of Operations

  23. Post World War II • Emergence of a Bipolar System • Formation of the United Nations • Decolonization • Self-determination

  24. War of Ideologies: Democracy v. Communism Securing Interests in Europe • United States • Marshall Plan, Truman Plan • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • Soviet Union • Eastern European takeover= Eastern Bloc • Warsaw Treaty Pact

  25. Cold War Foreign Policy • Cuban Missile Crisis -1962 • US Containment Doctrine • Nixon goes to China -1972 • SU invades Afghanistan -1979 • Brief era of détente

  26. Cold War Era-The Reagan Years • New Soviet Premier- 1985 • Perestroika (economic restructuring) • Glasnost (openness) • Berlin Wall is torn down -1989 • Eastern Bloc countries follow • Fall of the Soviet Union -1991 • End of bipolar system

  27. Post-Cold War Era • Multipolar System • Global North v. Global South • European Union • Expansion of EU in P-CW era • Adoption of euro -1999 • China joins World Trade Organization (WTO)

  28. Economic Global Division • Global North (light red) • Global South • Emerging Economies (dark red) • Developing (white)

  29. Post-Cold War Era • 9/11 • War in Afghanistan -2001 • Iraq -2003 • Global Economic Recession • Arab Spring -2011

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