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Codling moth ( Cydia pomonella ) biology and control Spain

Codling moth ( Cydia pomonella ) biology and control Spain. MODULE C14. Taxonomy and distribution. Cydia pomonella (codling moth) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a key pest of apples, pears, walnuts and quinces. J. Avilla. Life cycle 1.

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Codling moth ( Cydia pomonella ) biology and control Spain

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  1. Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) biology and control Spain MODULE C14

  2. Taxonomy and distribution Cydia pomonella (codling moth) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a key pest of apples, pears, walnuts and quinces

  3. J. Avilla Life cycle 1 • The number of generations (1 – 4) depends on the photoperiod and the temperature • Overwintering as last instar diapausing larva in tree trunks and soil. Pupation in late winter, early spring

  4. Life cycle 2 No. catches · tr--1 · week-1 IV V VI VII VIII IX Month

  5. Life cycle 3 White egg Black head egg Red ring egg Newly hatched larva Fully grown larva

  6. Damage

  7. Monitoring • Pheromone traps attracts males, • while pear ester attract a small • percenage of females • Useful to determine the • beginning of the first flight (biofix • for certain phenological models) Delta pheromone trap • Although the results are very • dependent on the orchard, they • give a certain indication of the • overwintering population Corrugated cardboard

  8. * Annual * Multiannual * Plot * Area Wide Mangement * Broad spectrum * Combination of selective Insecticides control measures * Routine application * Decision Support Systems Control strategy Undesirable situation Desirable situationl

  9. Control methods 1 • Chemical control • organophosphates, pyrethroids, abamectines, • benzoylureas, benzhydrazides, neonicotinoids • and macrocyclic lactones • Ovicides and larvicides (neonate larva is the target • instar) • Use of phenological methods to time insecticide • application • Resistance present all over the world. It is necessary • to apply an anti-resistance strategy • * Use products from any one group for only one • generation per year • Ensure that the application technique is appropriate • to obtain complete coverage of the tree canopy

  10. Control methods 2 Matingdisruption Isomate® Puffer® Checkmate®

  11. Control methods 3 Matingdisruption • Optimal conditions for its use • * Plots < 2 ha. The Area Wide Management programs, • with the participation of different growers and • advisors, are essential in areas where the plot size • is small • Regular, flat and homogenous plot • Without outside sources of infestation (isolated • walnut trees, fruit storehouses) • Low to medium populations

  12. Control methods 3 Mating disruption • Application technique • 2 dispenser per ha (Puffer) or 150-1000 (convetional) • Distributed before the beginning of the first flight • Located in the upper third of the canopy • Density of dispenser duplicated in the borders of the plot • Check the efficacy by visual counting of damaged fruits • Combine it, if necessary, with granulosis virus and • selective insecticides

  13. Control methods 4 • Microbial control (granulosis virus, CpGV) • Very effective and selective, but • inactivated by temperature and solar • radiation • Low persistence • Small safe-to-harvest interval

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