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Advances in LIGO Detectors: Noise, Sensitivity, and Calibration Improvements

This article discusses the significant advancements in gravitational wave (GW) detector technology, focusing on the LIGO detectors. It reviews noise reduction methods, enhanced sensitivity, and calibration techniques that have improved detection capabilities. Key features include the transition from Initial to Advanced LIGO, employing advanced optics and powerful lasers, and seismic isolation enhancements. The article also highlights the importance of the antenna pattern and free spectral range in high-frequency sensitivity, contributing to multi-detector networks like Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA.

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Advances in LIGO Detectors: Noise, Sensitivity, and Calibration Improvements

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  1. GW Detectors noise and sensitivity

  2. LIGO detectors Rep. Prog. Phys. 72 (2009) 076901arXiv:0711.3041

  3. Sensitivity progress

  4. Rep. Prog. Phys. 72 (2009) 076901arXiv:0711.3041

  5. “Antenna pattern” “peanut”

  6. LIGO high frequency sensitivity “FSR” (free spectral range) 37.5 kHz Class. Quantum Grav. 25 (2008) 184017

  7. Antenna pattern at FSR

  8. Directional sensitivity

  9. LIGO calibration Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A624 (2010) 223arXiv:1007.3973

  10. Enhanced LIGO detectors

  11. Squeezed Detectors

  12. Advanced LIGO/ Advanced Virgo ~10 times better, lower frequencies in band Installation in progress

  13. Initial vs Advanced LIGO Simple pendulums become monolithic, quadruple pendulumswith better quality optics Prototypes being tested, optics are polished

  14. Initial vs Advanced LIGO Lasers become more powerful: 10W  200 W Installed and being tested at LIGO Livingston.

  15. Initial vs Advanced LIGO Seismic isolation goes from passive to active HAM SEI tested in S6 Most chambers have now their “SEI” installed.

  16. More on Adv LIGO: LIGO magazine in www.ligo.org

  17. The Advanced GW Detector Network~2020 Advanced LIGO Hanford GEO600 Advanced Virgo KAGRA Advanced LIGO Livingston LIGO-India? 19

  18. Other GW detectors

  19. Pulsar timing arrays Image Courtesy of Michael Kramer Nanograv residuals

  20. Space detectors: LISA

  21. Online generators http://www.srl.caltech.edu/~shane/sensitivity/MakeCurve.html http://www.gwoptics.org/processing/space_time_quest/

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