1. 0 Wide Area Augmentation System(WAAS) DAN HANLON WAAS PROGRAM MANAGER Tom Salat WAAS NAS INTEGRATION

2. GPS in Wide Spread Use 0 • GPS used in aviation since 1992…provides significant benefits to aviation • Over 3500 non-precision GPS instrument procedures • Non-precision does not provide descent guidance to pilot • Provides lower landing minimums for airports w/o Radio Navigation Aids (400’ AGL) • Reduce reliance on and cost of radio navigation infrastructure

3. Why Augment GPS?Technical Reasons 0 • Current GPS constellation cannot support requirements for all phases of flight • Integrity • Know when it’s providing bad information & correcting for it • Accuracy • With SA off, GPS vertical accuracy > 15 m • 7m or less need for precision approach • Availability and continuity • Plan to have it at your destination • Assurance it will be available when arrive

4. Why Augment GPS?Operational Reasons 0 • Provides ILS-like capability for little or no cost • Provides primary navigation system capability without line-of-sight limitations • Will allow GPS to replace NDBs and >50% VORs and associated avionics in aircraft

5. WAAS Components 0 • WAAS consists of: • 25 reference stations • 2 master stations • 2 geosynchronous satellites • 3 uplink stations • Corrects: • Timing Errors • Orbital Errors • Faulty Satellites • Atmospheric Errors • Provides additional GPS satellite signals

6. How Does It Work? 0

7. How Does It Work? 0

8. How Does It Work? 0

9. How Does It Work? 0

10. INMARSAT 3 POR 178°E INMARSAT 3 AOR/W 54°W Current GEO ServiceInmarsat III 0 • Main Problem Is Single Coverage Over the Majority of CONUS

11. GEO Transition 0 PanAmSat 133°W Telesat 107°W INMARSAT 3 POR 178°E INMARSAT 3 AOR/W 54°W INMARSAT AOR/W 98°W • Provides Dual Coverage Over CONUS and Alaska with AOR/W as hot spare

12. Vertical Coverage Sample, Aug,12 05 0 Additional WRS’s will improve vertical coverage

13. Area Navigation Availability 0 • Dashed black line indicates NPA coverage

14. WAAS Capabilities 0 • 100% Coverage CONUS & Alaska From 100,000 Ft. to Surface • Horizontal Accuracy <1.5M • Vertical Accuracy <3M • Better Than 99.99% Availability Of System • WAAS Specific Approaches (LPV) Published • Sep 2003 - 250’ Minimums • Began publication of WAAS specific approaches (LPV) in September 2003 • Continuing to develop the system to expand vertical navigation to most of North America

15. Airspace Benefits 0 • Aids in transition to more advanced navigation capability • WAAS supports Required Navigation Performance (RNP) • Provides very high quality navigation signal for lower RNP values (better than .11) • Improves airspace system efficiency and capacity • Complex procedures available to all aircraft • Advanced arrival and departure procedures • Promotes airspace redesign • Guidance through position velocity time (PVT)/FMS RNAV • Cost savings by decommissioning of redundant ground based navigation aids

16. Airport Benefits 0 • Precision Approach Capability At All Runway Ends • Positive Departure Guidance • Enhanced Noise Abatement By Use of Advanced Procedures • Available to all users at reasonable cost • No Radio Navigation Aids required • Less stringent cost/benefit justification

17. WAAS Avionics 0 • Certified receivers • Over 2,500 Garmin GNS-480s sold • Chelton systems with Free Flight Systems WAAS sensor • Recent developments • 50,000 Garmin units in field that can be upgraded • Upgrade cost expected to be $1500, available Fall 2006 • The FAA is currently teaming with other manufacturers to develop additional LPV receivers in all functional classes GNS-480 GNS-530

18. Operational Implementation 0 GLS 200’ 3o

19. LPV Candidate Airports(Runway ends 3200’ or greater) 0

20. Pending GPS Approaches for California 0 There are currently 7 LPV approaches in CA, McClellan, Chino, Fresno (2), Long Beach, San Jose (2) 32 LPV approaches pending at 22 Airports • Apple Valley - Southern California Logistics • Arcada - Watsonville Muni • Nervino • Byron • California City • Buchanan Fld • Hayward Executive • Monetery Peninsula • Metropolitan Oakland Int’l • Ontario • Palm Springs • Riverside • Sacramento Int’l • San Francisco Int’l • San Jose Int’l • Reid-Hillview of Santa Clara • Stockton Metro • Tracy Muni • Cable

21. 0 Preparing your airport for WAAS

22. Preparing Airports for WAAS 0 • No Ground Hardware Required • Airport Infrastructure Needed • Paved Runways Over 3200ft • Parallel Taxiway • Medium Intensity Runway Lights • Non-Precision Runway Markings, Precision Markings for lowest min • Step 1: Reference AC 150/5300-13 (Airport Design Guide) • Step 2: Contact Airport District Office - Infrastructure Improvements • Step 3: Surveys • Step 4: Airport Layout Plan

23. STEP 1 – AC 150/5300 - 13 0 • AC 150/5300-13 Airport Design provides the guidance for developing the airport • Appendix 16 defines the requirements for new instrument approaches • Table A16-1B defines the requirements for APV-RNP instrument procedures (LPV) • Lower requirements for higher minimums

24. Airport Infrastructure Requirements 0

25. STEP 2 – Airports District Office 0 • Make Contact with the Airports District Office for your area to discuss and determine what infrastructure requirements will yield the lowest minimums against cost and time constraints • Review current infrastructure and determine (from Table A16-1B) what visibility minimums are required • Determine in conjunction with the ADO determine what infrastructure changes are best for the airport • If the current infrastructure does not meet the requirements then an upgrade to the infrastructure is required or reduced minima will be used to develop the procedure

26. STEP 3 – Surveys 0 • Refer to Table A16-2 to determine the type of survey required and then determine if your airport has a current survey of the appropriate type • All airport surveys must be FAA 405 compliant • ANA-PC or PIR survey required • Can use 405 type D survey • If an appropriate type survey is not available, then review the required documents and initiate a request for a survey of the appropriate type

27. Survey Requirements 0

28. STEP 4 – Airport Layout Plan 0 • Based on information from Table A16-1B, verify the appropriate level of service is indicated on the Approved Airport Layout Plan • If the appropriate level of service is not on the approved ALP, then take action to update the ALP to the appropriate level of service

29. Questions? 0 You can find more details on our website at: http://gps.faa.gov Procedures information can be accessed at: http://avn.faa.gov Survey information can be accessed at: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/AERO/aero.html Dan.Hanlon@faa.gov Thomas.ctr.Salat@faa.gov