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Windows: An Introduction to the Operating System

Learn about Windows, the operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation. Discover the features and functions of Windows, including how to navigate the desktop, use the mouse, and work with files and folders.

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Windows: An Introduction to the Operating System

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  1. ExperimentNo.2 1-WhatisWindows? WindowsisanoperatingsystemfromMicrosoftCorporation,thedeveloperofDOS(DiskOperatingSystem).Itisagraphicsbasedenvironment,allowinguserstoeasilyintegratedataandgraphics,andeasilymaneuverbetweenapplications.TheoperationenvironmentwasintroducedbyMicrosoftintheearly1980's,andhasadvancedwiththefollowingversions: 1.Windows3.x 2.WindowsNT 3.Windows95 4.Windows98 5.Windows2000 6.WindowsMillennium 7.WindowsMobile 8.WindowsXP 9.WindowsVista 10.Windows7 11.Windows8 12.Windows10 2-UsingtheMouse Themouseisapointingdeviceusedtomovethecursororpointerarrowaroundonthecomputerscreen.AsyouworkwithWord,youwillneedtorememberthecommontermsdescribedbelow: -1-

  2. ExperimentNo.2 Click:Pointthemouseatthedesireditem,andthenquicklypressdownandreleasetheleftmousebutton. Double-Click:Pointthemouseatthedesireditem,andthenclicktheleftmousebuttontwiceinrapidsuccession. Drag:Pointthemousecursoratthedesireditemorrange;thenpressandholddowntheleftmousebuttonasyoumovethepointer.Releasethemousebuttonwhenyouhavemovedtheitemtothedesiredlocationorselectedtherangeyouwant.Right-Click:Pointthemouseatthedesireditem,thenquicklypressdownandreleasetherightmousebutton. 3-LookingattheDesktop AfterinstallingWindows7thedesktopwilllooksimilartothefollowingpicture.Youwillnoticeseveralobjectsoriconsonthedesktop.Thenumberoficonsorfoldersonyourscreen(desktop)willdependontheuserthatbeingusethisPC. GenerallyThePCdesktopcontainthefollowingelements: -2-

  3. ExperimentNo.2 Desktop:ItistheworkareaonwhichWindows,icons,menus,anddialogboxesappearandmaycontainshortcutstofrequentlyusedfiles,programs,orwebpages. Taskbar:Thetaskbarislocatedatthebottomofthescreen.ItcontainstheStartbutton,thetaskbarnotificationarea,andmaydisplaytheQuickLaunchbarorothertoolbars.Asyouopenaprogramorfile,abuttonwillbedisplayedonthetaskbarforeachopenitem. StartButton:Usethisbuttontostartprograms,opendocuments,finditemsonyourcomputer,gethelp,aswellaslogoffandshutdownyourcomputer.Dependingonhowthedesktopwassetup,youmaynotseethefollowingdesktopiconsuntiltheyhavebeenselectedtodisplayonthedesktop. MouseCursor:Thepointingarrowisthesymbolonthescreen,representingthemovementoractionofthemouse.Asyouslidethemousealongthedesk,thearrowwillfollowinthesamedirection. Icons:Theshapesandimagesthatrepresentsashortcutfortheinstalledprogramiscalled"Icons".Someofstandardiconsare: 1.MyComputer:Thisfolderallowsyoutoquicklyaccessstoragedevices(i.e.,3½"floppydisk,harddrive,CD-RW,DVD-ROMdrive,ornetworkdrive)thathavebeenmappedtoyourcomputer. 2.RecycleBin:Thisisatemporarystorageplacefordeletedfiles.Youcanuseittoretrieveorrestorefilesdeletedinerror.ThedeletedfilesarenotactuallyremovedfromtheharddiskuntilyouemptytheRecycleBin. 4-UsingtheStartButton Thisbuttonistheprimarymeansofstartingprograms,findingfiles,accessingonlinehelp,loggingoffthenetwork,switchingbetweenusersorshuttingdownthecomputer. -3-

  4. ExperimentNo.2 Themostimportantsubmenusdisplayedare: AllPrograms:Containsasubmenuwhichlistsallofyourinstalledprograms.Documents:Containthestoreddocumentslike;pictures,videos,texts,notes,and manyotherkindsofdocuments. ControlPanel:Changesettingsandcustomizethefunctionalityofyourcomputer.DevicesandPrinters:Viewandmanagedevices,printersandprintjobs. HelpandSupport:Findhelptopics,tutorials,troubleshootingandothersupportservices. Shutdown:Closeallopenedprograms,shoutdownWindows,andthenturnoffyourcomputer.Seepicturebelow: -4-

  5. ExperimentNo.2 5-UsingtheTaskbar Bydefault,thetaskbarisvisibleatthebottomoftheWindowsdesktop.ThetaskbarcontainstheStartbutton,toolbars,anotificationarea,theclock,anddisplaysataskbarbuttonforeachopenprogram. 6-LookingataTypicalWindow Whenprogramsorfoldersareopened,theyappearonthedesktopintheirownindividualwindows.Youcanpotentiallyhavemultiplewindowsdisplayedonthescreen;youarenotlimitedtodisplayingoneatatime.Eachwindowsharessimilarfeatures,asnotedinthefollowing: -5-

  6. ExperimentNo.2 TitleBar:Displaysthenameofthefeatureorapplicationprogramcurrentlyactive(e.g.,MyComputer). Minimize/Maximize/Restore/Close:Thesethreebuttonsalwaysappearatthefarrightsideofanapplicationprogramwindow. Minimizebuttonallowsyoutotemporarilysuspendthewindowandputitasabuttononthetaskbarforlateruse. Maximizebuttonmaximizesthewindowtofullscreen. Restorebuttonrestoresthesizeofthewindowtothescreensize. Closebuttonclosestheapplicationordocumentwindow. StatusBar:Thisappearsatthebottomoftheopenedwindowanddisplaysinformationaboutthestatusofanyrequestbeingmade,suchasReady,Numberofobjects,etc. -6-

  7. ExperimentNo.2 ScrollBar:Ifdisplayed,appearsatthefarrightandbottomofthewindowwhentherearemoreitemsthancanbeshowninthecurrentwindowsize. 7-LookingatFilesandFolders Afileiscommonlyreferredtoasadocument.Filesordocumentsareusuallycreatedfromwithinaspecificprogram.Forexample,youcoulduseMicrosoftWordtocreatewordprocessingfilessuchasletters,memosorreports.Filesarerepresentedwithaniconandusuallyincludeasymboloftheassociatedprogram. Afolderisacontainerforprogramsand/orfilesandisamethodoforganizinginformation.FoldersinWindowsareverysimilartofoldersinaconventionalfilingcabinet.Foldersarerepresentedwithayellowiconthatlookslikeanactualfilefolder. A-CopyingandMovingFilesorFolders Youneedtoselectthefilesorfoldersfirstpriortocopying.Useoneofthefollowingmethodstocopyafileorfolder: 1.SelectEditandthenCopy.MovetothenewlocationandthenselectEdit,Paste. -7-

  8. ExperimentNo.2 2.PressCtrl+CMovetothenewlocationandthenpressCtrl+V 3.Right-clickontheselectionandthenclickonCopy.Movetothenewlocation,right-clickandthenclickonPaste. B-RenamingFilesorFolders Youcanrenamefilesinthesamemanneraswithfolders.ToactivatetheRenamefeature,useoneofthefollowingmethods: 1.ClickonthefileicontoselectitandthenpressF2toactivatetheEditmode. 2.Right-clickonthefileandthenclickonRenamefromtheshortcutmenu. 3.Clickonceonthefoldertoselectit.ThenclickonceinthefoldernametoactivatetheEditmode. C-DeletingFilesorFolders Todeleteafileorfolder,selecttherequiredfileorfoldertobedeletedandthenuseoneofthefollowingmethods: 1.SelectFileandthenDelete. 3.PressDel 4.Right-clickandclickonDeletefromtheshortcutmenu. D-RestoringFilesorFolders Ifafileorfolderisaccidentallydeleted,youcan"undelete"orrestoreittoitsoriginallocation.TorestoreafileorfolderfromwithintheRecycleBinfeature;SelectFilethenRight-clickonitthenclickonRestore. -8-

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