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Flourishing of the Golden Age of Athens

Explore the era of Pericles' leadership in Athens, the blossoming of art, architecture, drama, and philosophy, culminating with Alexander the Great's legacy and the spread of Hellenistic culture. Witness the advancements in science, technology, and the war-torn Peloponnesian conflict that shaped ancient Greece. Uncover the richness of Greek culture through the eyes of historical figures like Plato, Aristotle, and Archimedes.

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Flourishing of the Golden Age of Athens

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  1. Golden Age of Athens….What is a Golden Age?

  2. Golden Age of Athens • Pericles – leader of Athens during Golden Age • Created Athenian Empire • Strengthened government and military (Navy) • Glorifying arts and architecture • Homer and the Iliad and Odyssey • Comedies, Tragedy

  3. Greece’s Golden Age • During the golden age of Greece, Art, Architecture, Drama, and History flourish. • Art reflects the human figure. • Much of the art is of the Greek Gods/Goddesses. • The Parthenon was built during this time. (Pericles) • “Tragedies” and “Comedies” are developed. • Amphitheatres built. • Herodotus and Thucydides recorded history.

  4. A wise leader named Pericles ruled Athens from 460-429 B.C. • Under Pericles, Athens had a direct democracy. • A large number of male citizens took part in the government. • Women did not participate. They were thought of as inferior. (Slaves and foreigners) • Athens was the first culture to have this much participation. • Athens was the center of Greek culture at this time.

  5. Sculptures of Gods/Goddesses (not realistic)

  6. Columns

  7. The Parthenon BALANCE, HARMONY, SYMMETRY

  8. Ancient Thinkers- philosophers -> Lovers of Wisdom • Socrates- philosopher Asked why things were the way they were? Why do we do what we do? • Killed for “corrupting” youth • Plato- Socrates' Student The Republic • - how a governed society should be  • “Philosopher King” • Aristotle- use of Logic • Idea would be later used in Science

  9. Peloponnesian War :431- 404 BC

  10. Athens vs. Sparta • Hostility between two had risen Athens invades Corcrya • Spartan Army vs Athens Navy • Plague hits Athens • Truce signed in 421 BC • Athens attacks Spartan ally of Syracuse 415BC • Spartans respond and destroy Athens 413 BC • 9 years later – War is over 404 BC

  11. Sparta Wins! But… Downfall of Athens and Sparta

  12. Hellenistic Culture(Greek,Persian, Egyptian, and Indian) • Under Alexander THE GREAT 356 BC (Macedonian King)

  13. Used Aristotle's idea of Philosopher king and became very educated • Wanted to invaded Persia and King Darius • Conquered Persian Land in Middle East and Egypt • Continued to Indus River Valley

  14. Alexander went to Hell and back with his PIGE • Spread Greek Empire across Africa and Central Asia • Led to massive cultural Diffusion through gained land PIGE = Persians Indians Greeks Egyptians

  15. The Empire

  16. Alexander’s Legacy • PIGE  Cultural diffusion • Created City of Alexandria, Egypt (over 10 total) • Died with no heir • Fighting followed and empire destroyed

  17. Hellenistic Culture Important people: • Pythagoras-> Advancements in Math • C2 = a2 + b2 • Hippocrates Father of Medicine, doctors have a duty to take care and help people (Hippocratic oath)

  18. Science and Tech • Astronomy --> solar system • Math and Physics (Euclid) • Size of earth, sun • Diameter, Pi (Archimedes) • Pulleys and levers (Archimedes)

  19. Archimedes- Greek Scientist 287 BC – c. 212 BC • Archimedes's Screw • Heat Ray for destroying ships

  20. After Alexander • Greek empire kept getting divided  weaker • Eventually fell to Romans

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