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The Golden Age of Athens

The Golden Age of Athens. Pericles, 495-429 BC. Pericles becomes leader of the Athenian Empire Democracy prevails in Athens Ambitious leaders were OSTRACIZED : exiled for ten years by a vote of the people. The Acropolis of Athens. The Parthenon of Athena.

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The Golden Age of Athens

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  1. The Golden Age of Athens

  2. Pericles, 495-429 BC • Pericles becomes leader of the Athenian Empire • Democracy prevails in Athens • Ambitious leaders were OSTRACIZED:exiled for ten years by a vote of the people

  3. The Acropolis of Athens

  4. The Parthenon of Athena • Dedicated to Athens patron goddess, Athena • Now seen as a symbol of the glory of Greece • Ancient Athenians hated it

  5. Playwrights and Theatre Sophocles, Tragedy Aristophanes, Comedy

  6. Theatre Euripides, Tragedy Going to the plays • Plays were held once a week • 2 or 3 plays were always shown • Greek tragedies were always trilogies! • Drama/Tragedy and a Comedy • Many of these plays are still performed!

  7. Theatre at Epidaurus, 14000

  8. The Philosophers • The Sophists believed that individuals should work to improve themselves through: • Education • Rhetoric: the art of persuasive speaking • Debate • Socratic Method: question-and-answer format to lead students to solve problems for themselves • Philosophers would hire themselves out as teachers

  9. The Triad of Philosophers

  10. Socrates, Plato, Aristotle • Socrates believed all knowledge is already within you, critical examination brings it out • Is put to death in 399 • Plato, student of Socrates • The Republic: lays out his views of government • Allegory of the Cave: philosophy frees us to see what is real • Creates the legend of Atlantis • Aristotle, student of Plato • Politics: 3 forms of government – monarchy, aristocracy and constitutional government • Believed constitutional government was the best

  11. Aristotle, Herodotus, Thucydides • “Man, by nature, is a political animal” • The goal of the polis is to avoid injustice and allow people to live a good life -Aristotle • Herodotus and Thucydides are the fathers of written history • Herodotus writes The Histories • Thucydides writes History of the Peloponnesian War

  12. The Fathers of History Herodotus Thucydides

  13. The Peloponnesian War • Athens and Sparta go to war against each other in 431 BC • The rest of Greece becomes very suspicious of Athens’ power • Athens wanted to stay behind its walls, Sparta wanted an open fight • Plague breaks out in Athens forcing them to fight • War drags out for close to 30 years • Athenian navy destroyed in 405 BC • Athens is besieged and defeated in 404 BC

  14. The Fall of Greece • The Peloponnesian War leaves Greece weak and vulnerable • The infighting between Athens and Sparta allows the rise of Macedonia to go unnoticed…

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