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Golden age of Athens

Golden age of Athens. Chapter 29. www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQbbct8dVfw golden age of architecture (5 minutes) www.youtube.com/watch?v=72vq497O9Fg&feature=fvwrel -pause frequently to read notes and show slides (3 minutes) use as an overview. A golden age of peace and wealth - 479-431 BCE

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Golden age of Athens

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  1. Golden age of Athens Chapter 29

  2. www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQbbct8dVfw golden age of architecture (5 minutes) www.youtube.com/watch?v=72vq497O9Fg&feature=fvwrel -pause frequently to read notes and show slides (3 minutes) use as an overview

  3. A golden age of peace and wealth - 479-431 BCE • People lived in small uncomfortable houses on narrow streets • But public buildings and spaces were large and stately • Homes • One story high • Made of mud bricks • Wealthier had larger houses with room built around a courtyard • Few windows lit by oil lamps • Smoky and cold in winter • Smoky and hot in summer • Streets narrow, crooked and dirty • Threw garbage in streets • Public areas and building pride of Athens • Large government buildings around agora • Made of stone • On acropolis built temples as earthly homes for gods and goddesses • Parthenon • Built to honor Athena

  4. religion • Worshiped many gods and goddesses – that looked and acted like humans but didn’t grow old • Each god had a specific power • Asked then for advice • Talked through the oracle • Told myths about gods • They lived on Mount Olympus • 12 main gods – the Olympian gods • Part of everyday life • Dedicated festivals and sporting events to them

  5. Which one is Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Hestia, Demeter, Ares, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Hermes

  6. Architecture – the ACROPOLIS • Built as beautiful places for gods to live • Ceremonies conducted outside the buildings • Built with rows of tall columns • Three kinds of columns • Doric – simplest no base and slimmer toward the top • Ionic column – thinner had a base with spirals carved into the top • Corinthian column most complex – carvings like leaves at the top • Parthenon – long rectangular platform 30 ft high • Statue made of wood covered with ivory and decorated with gold • 8 columns across front and back and 17 along each side • Roof slanted forming triangles called pediments on building • Top – a band of sculptures called a frieze • Sculptures called metopes • Temples came in many sizes - had main room where statue of god/goddess located

  7. Sculpture – a marble workshop • Workshops set up near the site where finished work would go • Apprentices made life-size clay model using wooden or metal frames - Then roughed out in marble then master added details • Statues were colorful attached bronze pieces and added wax and bright colors to hair, lips, clothes and headdress • Early Greek statues influences by Egyptians and later a more lifelike appearance • Phididas – designed figures at top of Parthenon and • Athena inside temple – carried shield of gold with carvings of two faces – (1) Athenian leader Pericles (2) Phidias

  8. Drama: The theatre of Dioysus The Odeon of Pericles is located to the right of the Theatre of Dionysus. • Going to theater was part of regular life • Theater of Dionysus could hold thousands of people • Dionysus is god of theater and wine • Had songs and dances performed at harvest to honor him • Had main characters and a chorus (helped explain and expand the story) • No women actors • They wore masks to help show happy and sad • Plays staged in open-air theaters • Shaped like a bowl with seats in a semicircle going up • Scenery painted on canvas • Plays competition could last for days with winners crowned with olive leaves and given figs and wine • Tragic playwrights • Comic playwrights • Leading tragic actor • Leading comic actor www.youtube.com/watch?v=63OmAPgogwcGreek Tragedy "ORESTEIA" by Aeschylus. (7 minutes)

  9. Philosophy: the Agora • Greeks love to talk and argue • Men gather to discuss the world • Talked about philosophy (the love of wisdom) • Socrates – encouraged people to question • Was accused of not honoring gods and leading people into error and disloyalty • 399 B.C.E. brought to trial • Found guilty and sentenced to death • Died drinking hemlock • One of his students was Plato and Plato taught Aristotle

  10. Sports: the Panathenaic Games www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXRfIMZ_ufc- Ancient Greece Olympics (5 minutes) • They prized a healthy body • Held athletic events to honor gods • A festival to honor Athena • Solemn parade • Attached a new robe to statue of Athena to mast of ship and pulled through city to temple • Many events • Horse and chariot races • Footraces • Combat sports – boxing and wrestling • Pancratium – men kicked, punched, chock over when surrendered or died • Winners crowned with wreaths of laurel leaves and pots of olive oil • Events also held every 4years to honor Zeus – called the Olympics • Called a truce from wars so that athletes could travel safely to games.

  11. Summary • Athens 400s B.C.E. • Temple of Delphi showed religion • Temples on acropolis showed talent for architecture • Lifelike statues – marble workshops – first ideas from Egyptians • Theatre of Dionysus – Greek drama • Socrates – Greek philosophy • Greek sports – Panathenaic Games

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