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2 Samuel

2 Samuel. San Tan Bible Church. Authorship and Date of 2 Samuel. Originally 1 and 2 Samuel were one book until the Septuagint LXX 2 Chronicles 29:29 mentions the chronicles of Samuel the seer, Nathan the prophet, and Gad the seer 1 Samuel covers approximately 100 years (1100-1000 BC)

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2 Samuel

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  1. 2 Samuel San Tan Bible Church

  2. Authorship and Date of 2 Samuel • Originally 1 and 2 Samuel were one book until the Septuagint LXX • 2 Chronicles 29:29 mentions the chronicles of Samuel the seer, Nathan the prophet, and Gad the seer • 1 Samuel covers approximately 100 years (1100-1000 BC) • 2 Samuel cover approximately 40 years (1000-960 BC) • The works of 1 and 2 Samuel were completed sometime shortly after 960 BC

  3. 2 Samuel 1- A Song for the Fallen • In 1 Samuel 30 David returns to Ziklag to burn it with fire • Saul and his sons are on Mt. Gilboa • Saul and his sons die there • A man from Saul’s camp made an 80 mile journey to David looking for a reward • The Amalekite died because he said he killed the Lord’s anointed

  4. 2 Samuel 1- A Song for the Fallen • Given everything we know about David’s attitude for decades regarding Saul and the lament in 2 Samuel 1, what can we learn from David? • Why was David so supportive of Saul? • What is the lesson of David’s heart? • Theology was always more important than politics to David • Love those who hate you • Loyalty and faithfulness • Trust in the LORD

  5. Outline of 2 Samuel • David’s Triumphs Chapters 1-10 • David’s Troubles Chapters 21-24

  6. 2 Samuel 2- A Tale of Two Kings • The chapter outlines the events leading up to civil war in Israel • David is anointed king in Hebron by the people of Judah but Ish-bosheth (Saul’s only surviving son) is crowned king at Mahanaim by Israel

  7. 2 Samuel 2:1-4 • David reigned for 7 ½ years at Hebron 2 Samuel 2:11

  8. 2 Samuel 2:4-7 • David sent messengers to Jabesh-gilead2 Samuel 2:5-7

  9. 2 Samuel 2:8-11 • Ish-bosheth reigned for 2 years at Mahanaim2 Samuel 2:10

  10. 2 Samuel 2:12-17 • Abner, cousin of Saul, was the commander of the armies at Mahanaim1 Samuel 14:50, 17:55, 20:25, 26:5 • Joab, nephew of David, was the commander of David’s armies at Hebron 2 Samuel 2:18, 2 Chronicles 2:16 • When they made sport at Gibeon, Abner’s men were defeated

  11. 2 Samuel 2:18-23 • Zeruiah was David’s sister 2 Chronicles 2:16 • Zeruiah raised three valiant men- Joab, Abishai, and Asahel • Asahel was “as swift-footed as one of the gazelles which is in the field” • Abner, Saul’s cousin and the commander of armies following Saul’s son, Ish-boseth killed Asahel, David’s nephew

  12. 2 Samuel 2:24-32 • Joab and Abishai pursued Abner all day • At sundown they reached détente with 19 dead from David’s side and 360 dead from the side of Ish-Bosheth

  13. Lessons from 2 Samuel 2 • It is the natural state of fallen man to divide and fight; even against their own brothers. • The schism in 2 Samuel 2 foreshadows a greater and more permanent division which will take place in Israel 1 Kings 12. • Where are you prone to division and fighting? • Psalm 133:1 “Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brothers to dwell in unity!” • Philippians 2:2 “Being of the same mind, maintaining the same love, united in the same spirit, intent on one purpose.”

  14. Review of 2 Samuel 1-2 • Q. Who wrote 1 and 2 Samuel? • A. 1 Chronicles 29:29 says, “Now the acts of King David, from first to last, are written in the chronicles of Samuel the seer, in the chronicles of Nathan the prophet, and in the chronicles of Gad the seer.” • Q. In chapter 1, what was the Amalekite dying to tell David? • He told David that he killed Saul on Mt. Gilboa. (1:10) • Q. In chapter 2, where did the men of Judah anoint David to be their king? • David was anointed king of Judah at Hebron. (2:1-4)

  15. Review of 2 Samuel 2: A Tale of Two Kings • Q. How long did David and Ish-bosheth reign? • A. David reigned for 7 years and 6 months in Hebron while Ish-bosheth reigned for 2 years (2:10-11) • Q. Who was the commander of Saul’s armies? • A. Abner, cousin of Saul, was the commander of the armies at Mahanaim1 Samuel 14:50, 17:55, 20:25, 26:5 • Q. Who were the sons of the sons of Zeruiah? • A. These nephews of David were three valiant men- Joab, Abishai, and Asahel • Q. When Abner murdered this man civil war broke out between the house of David and the house of Saul. • A. Asahel was “as swift-footed as one of the gazelles which is in the field”

  16. 2 Samuel 3:1-5 The Long Civil War • There was a drawn out war • The house of David grew stronger but the house of Saul grew weaker • David had six sons from six different wives • What does Deuteronomy 17:16-20 say about this practice? • Q. How many wives and concubines did David have? • A. 8 wives- the list before us plus Michal (first) and Bathsheba (last) and at least 10 concubines (2 Samuel 5:13-15, 2 Samuel 15:16)

  17. 2 Samuel 3:6-11 The “king-maker” • Earlier Abner, Saul’s cousine had made Ish-Bosheth, the only remaining son of Saul, king at Mahanaim (1:8-11) • During the drawn out war Abner “made himself strong” in the house of Saul • Abner made his move to take the throne of Saul by sleeping with Saul’s concubine • Offended by Ish-Bosheth, Abner vowed to make David king

  18. 2 Samuel 3:12-16 1st Becomes 7th • David’s stipulation for peace was Abner is for him to bring Michal with him

  19. 2 Samuel 3:26-30 Joab Murders • Joab struck Abner in the belly on account of his brother • Joab killed Abner in cold blood (1 Kings 2:5) • David pronounced a curse

  20. 2 Samuel 3:17-25 Abner and David • Abner spoke to those of Israel and Benjamin before coming to Hebron • David sent Abner away in peace (3:21, 23)

  21. 2 Samuel 3:31-39 David Mourns • “Everything the king did pleased all the people.” 2 Samuel 3:36 • David mentions the drain the sons of Zeruiah are having on his kingdom (This is not the last we will hear of them!)

  22. 2 Samuel 3- Wait on the Lord • God promised Abram and Sarai a child, but they had to wait 25 years to get him. • God promised Noah there would be a flood, but it was a long time coming. • God made Jacob wait 14 years to get the wife he wanted. • Joseph had to wait a considerable time to see his father and family, and he did not get back home until after his death (they carried his bones back to the promised land). • The Israelites had to wait 430 years in Egypt, before returning to the promised land. • The writer to the Hebrews tells us that all the Old Testament saints had to wait for us (Gentiles) before they could see the promised kingdom (Hebrews 11:39-40). • For 2,000 years, saints have been waiting for the Lord's return and the coming of His Kingdom.

  23. 2 Samuel 3- Wait Like David • Honor authority • Endure hardship • Put your trust in the Lord • Fear God, not man

  24. 2 Samuel 4:1-12 Ish-Bosheth’s Death • David was anointed king over all Israel at 30 (2 Samuel 5:4). This means he was 15 years old or so when Samuel first anointed him in 1 Samuel 16. • Read Psalm 13 • What did he do while he waited so long? • Shepherd • Supported the army as a youth • Killed Goliath • A musician • Developed prayer and devotional life • Spared the life of his enemy (twice)

  25. 2 Samuel 4:1-12 Ish-Bosheth’s Death • There was one more obstacle to David’s kingship: Ish-Bosheth • David waited for God to work His plan in His time in His own way • Waiting for God actively; waiting as a servant

  26. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 1. Who was he human author of the original book now called “1 and 2 Samuel”? • A. Samuel • B. Nathan • C. Gad • D. All of the above • E. None of the above A. 1 Chronicles 29:29 gives us a clue that the best biblical answer is probably D.

  27. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 2. Why did the Amalekite lose his life in chapter 1? • A. He disobeyed David’s orders • B. He claimed to have killed Saul, the Lord’s anointed • C. He stole the king’s crown and bracelet • D. He was a foreigner • A. He claimed to have killed the Lord’s anointed (2 Samuel 1:16)

  28. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 3. The city on the map is named: • A. Jerusalem • B. Hebron • C. Mahanaim • D. Gibeon A. Mahanaim, the city where Ish-Bosheth reigned (2 Samuel 2:8)

  29. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 4. True or False Ish-bosheth was the second king of Israel A. True (2 Samuel 2:8)

  30. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 5. Which is not a son of Zeruiah? • A. Joab • B. Abner • C. Abishai • D. Asahel • A. Abner was Saul’s cousin and the commander of his army (1 Samuel 14:50; see also 2 Samuel 2:18)

  31. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 6. Why did we call Abner “the king-maker”? • A. He made Ish-Bosheth king over Israel • B. He sought to make himself king • C. He sought to make David king • D. All of the above • E. None of the above A. All of the above D Strangely, Abner attempted all three (2 Samuel 2:9, 3:6-7, 3:9-10)

  32. Review of 2 Samuel 1-4 • 7. True or False Abner and Ish-Bosheth were both murdered in Hebron False- Abner was murdered in Hebron (2 Samuel 3:26-30) while Ish-Bosheth was murdered in his own house in Mahanaim (2 Samuel 4:5)

  33. 2 Samuel 5:1-5 David Finally King • All the tribes of Israel gathered at Hebron. Now that Saul’s last son Ish-Boshethwas dead, the tribes wanted David to reign over all of Israel. They gave three reasons: • 1. He was their “bone and flesh” 5:1 • 2. He was a successful leader 5:2 • 3. The LORD had promised that he would be the ruler over Israel 5:2

  34. 2 Samuel 5:6-16 The City of David • Jerusalem is a major world city with ancient history • The Jebusites lived in a fortified city since before the time of Joshua. The Jebusites defied Israel throughout the time of the judges and king Saul. • Joshua 15:63 “Now as for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the sons of Judah could not drive them out; so the Jebusites live with the sons of Judah at Jerusalem until this day.” • Judges 1:8 and 1:21 reveal that even though Judah and Benjamin fought against the Jebusites they could not defeat them “But the sons of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem…”

  35. 2 Samuel 5:6-16 The City of David • The Jebusites said even their “blind and lame” could ward of David’s armies. • 1 Chronicles 11:4-9 tells of Joab taking the city and being rewarded as David’s chief commander • Joab lead the army through the water tunnel into the city • The city was expanded and fortified, the king of Tyre helped build a palace for David • The main point is that “David had become greater and greater because the LORD God of hosts was with him” (10) and “the LORD had established him” (12)

  36. 2 Samuel 5:6-16 The City of David • The city is called three names in 2 Samuel 5:6-7 • Jerusalem • Zion (1st time in the Bible- 152 more times afterwards!) • City of David • Jerusalem was part of the plan of God before David and after David. • In Genesis 22 Abraham prepared to sacrifice Isaac on one of the mountains of Moriah that the LORD showed him. In 22:14 Abraham called the place “The LORD will provide.” • 2 Chronicles 3:1 “Solomon began to build the house of the LORD on Mount Moriah…”

  37. 2 Samuel 5:17-25 Philistines • After the defeat of the Jebusites, the Philistines came en masse against David. Twice he inquired of the LORD and twice David defeated them. • The supernatural aid given to David at the valley of Rephaim is reminiscent of Joshua 5:14-15 and will be seen again in 1 Kings 7:6

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