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Understanding Control Circuits: Decoders and Multiplexors in Computer Science

Control circuits are vital components in electronics, enabling the regulation of other circuits. They can enable or disable components, select among multiple options, and determine operational functionality. This article explores two primary types—decoders and multiplexors. Decoders take N input lines and generate 2^N output lines, selecting one output based on input signals, making them crucial in memory addressing and instruction decoding. Multiplexors allow selection from multiple input lines through control signals to produce a single output, facilitating operations like resource sharing in computing.

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Understanding Control Circuits: Decoders and Multiplexors in Computer Science

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  1. Computer Science 101 Control Circuits

  2. Control Circuits • Control circuits are special circuits that are used to control other circuit components. • Enable or disable components. • Select one of many components. • Determine which operation is performed. • Two types we’ll study now: • Decoders • Multiplexors

  3. Fargo North, Decoder • N input lines • 2N output lines • Each setting of the input lines “selects” one of the output lines to be 1 with the other output lines being 0.

  4. O0 I1 O1 O2 I0 O3 Decoder • O0: _ _ I1 I0 • O1: _ I1 I0 • O2: _ I1 I0 • O3: I1 I0

  5. Some uses of decoders • The inputs could be bits of a memory address, and the decoder could select the memory cell to activate. • The inputs could be bits in an instruction telling what type of operation is to be performed, and the decoder could activate the appropriate machine components.

  6. Multiplexor • 2N input lines • N control lines • 1 output line • The control lines “select” which of the input lines is “passed on” to the output.

  7. C1 C0 Construction of 4-input Mux1. Decoder with controls as inputs

  8. I0 O0 I1 O1 I2 O2 I3 O3 C1 C0 2. Add an input to each AND gate

  9. I0 I1 O I2 I3 C1 C0 3. Send outputs to an OR gate.

  10. Some uses of multiplexors • Select which of several computers connected to single printer can print. • Decide which of several completed operations should be sent to the output.

  11. How can I be nostalgicwhen I can’t remember?

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