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A War Between the States

A War Between the States. The United States Civil War Waverly-Shell Rock Junior High U.S. History. The Election of 1860. John C. Breckenridge , favored by southern democrats because of his stance on state rights and protection of slavery.

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A War Between the States

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  1. A War Between the States The United States Civil War Waverly-Shell Rock Junior High U.S. History

  2. The Election of 1860 John C. Breckenridge, favored by southern democrats because of his stance on state rights and protection of slavery. John Bell, favored by Constitutional Union Party because of his belief in keeping the country together. Abraham Lincoln, favored by the Republican Party because of his belief in limiting the spread of slavery in the western territories. Stephen A. Douglas, favored by northern democrats because of his stance on popular sovereignty. Election results on pp. 403 of old text…

  3. A Political Cartoon… John Bell stands on the ground without a platform and has a bell over his head; John C. Breckinridge seated behind him writing New York Ledger; his head is also under the bell. Lincoln stands on a No Extension of Slavery platform holds tight with his right hand the rope around Douglas' neck which reads: Squatter sovereignty, and brandishes a rail with his left. Stephen Douglas with one foot through the Cincinnati Platform and the other on the Mason Dixon Line waves two flags: SOUTH. Dred Scott Decision" and NORTH. Unfriendly Legislation.

  4. Another Political Cartoon… John Bell: Bless my soul I give up. John C. Breckinridge: That long legged Abolitionist is getting ahead of us after all. Stephen Douglas: I never run so in my life.

  5. John C. Breckinridge dances with President James Buchanan. One more… Lincoln dances with African American woman. Dred Scott seated plays the violin. John Bell dances with Native American. Stephen Douglas dances with a sovereign in rags.

  6. Election Results… ? ? Electoral College on pp. 196 of new text…

  7. December 20th, 1860 Before Abraham Lincoln was even sworn into office, South Carolina makes true on its threat to leave the Union. South Carolina seceded for much the same reason the 13 colonies separated from Great Britain; they felt their rights were no longer protected under the Constitution.

  8. The Confederate States of America D A B South Carolina Mississippi Georgia Alabama Texas E Louisiana Florida C F

  9. How is the Confederate Constitution different from the United States? A Confederate Congress cannot mess with slavery A Confederate state is “sovereign and independent” A president may only serve one six year term. Tariffs are now banned on imports

  10. Who will lead this independent nation? • Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi • Grew up on a plantation with many slaves • Strong military background • Served in both houses of the US Government • Secretary of War for President Pierce

  11. What about the US Forts? ?

  12. April 12th, 1861A War Begins The confederate victory was considered by most historians to be the start of the Civil War. Fort Sumter, South Carolina Visual on pp. 511 of new text…

  13. More States Join the South D B C A Virginia Tennesee North Carolina Arkansas

  14. Put an end to slavery once and for all Preserve the Union U.S. Constitution binds North and South together Slavery is an economic necessity Cotton clashes with manufacturing Fight to live the way they want to live States rights come before federal power Why Fight?

  15. 22 million people Plenty of food & supplies Railroads & Manufacturing Banks & Strong Government Plenty of Weapons Fight will be on home soil Fight on the defensive Outdoor living skills Military leaders among the best (West Point) Strengths

  16. 75,000 called to serve for 3 months African Americans are turned away 100,000 called to serve for 12 months Volunteers? “Yankees” “Rebs”

  17. How will the North Win? • Invade the South • Control Mississippi River • Divide confederate territory in two • Blockade southern ports (supplies) • Capture capital: Richmond, Virginia

  18. How will the South Win? • Hold out long enough so North will grow tired • Pure Defense • Capture Washington D.C. • Split the North in two? • Secure foreign aid (Britain and France) End Day #1

  19. You’ve seen this before…Notice anything? Our troops lack experience and training Our troops are seasoned fighters who have seen war many times before. We need more money and equipment. We think we know how to get it. We have all the money we need to fight this war. We have one of the largest navies in the World. We know the land like the back of our hands. Your enemies want to help us beat you. Some of your own people are fighting on our side. Who was who? Does it relate to this war?

  20. Bull Run, (Manassas Junction)Spring 186130 miles from Washington D.C.The first major engagement of the Civil War. 28,450 32,230 2,950 1,750 This battle proved to both sides, the war would not end quickly.

  21. Shiloh, Early 1862General Ulysses S. Grant attacks in an attempt to capture the Mississippi River. The Fight in theWest 65,085 44,968 13,047 10,699

  22. How is it going? BULL RUN 1861 RICHMOND 1862 FORT SUMTER 1860 Lee prevents Union capture of Richmond SHILOH 1862 General Sherman pushes south to control Mississippi.

  23. Antietam, Sept. 1862Lee leads 40,000 troops on Washington D. C. but is pushed back to Virginia. Union forces turn back Lee’s first invasion of the North. The loss discouraged foreign support of the Confederate States. Bloodiest day of fighting.

  24. How is it going? ANTIETAM 1862 BULL RUN 1861 2nd BULL RUN 1862 RICHMOND 1862 FORT SUMTER 1860 SHILOH 1862

  25. Emancipation Proclamation, 1862 “As of January 1st, 1863, all persons held as slaves within any state…in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, henceforth, and forever free.” • Five days after the victory at Antietam, President Lincoln makes an announcement that shocks both nations. (Video Clip?) Free! Free! Free! Lincoln’s proclamation gave the Union soldiers a reason to continue fighting and hoped to discourage France and Great Britain from aiding the South.

  26. Robert E. Lee Discourages North Fredericksburg, Virginia, Dec. 1862 Union 100,007/ CS 72,497 (US 13,353, CSA 4,576) recorded as one of the worst defeats in US Army history. Chancellorsville, May 1862 Lee beat back 120,000 US troops with 60,000. Stonewall Jackson Falls (US 14,000/ CSA 10,000) (Video Clip? X2)

  27. How is it going? Antietam, 1862 1861 Chancellorsville, 1862 Fredericksburg, 1862 BULL RUN 1861 2nd BULL RUN 1862 RICHMOND 1862 FORT SUMTER 1860 SHILOH 1862 VICKSBURG 1863 General Sherman continues to gain control of Mississippi.

  28. July 1st, 1863“A Turning Point” General George Meade The Battle of Gettysburgto be continued...soon

  29. 75,000 97,000 Day 2 Union forces were pushed back through the town the previous day and have taken position in the hills.

  30. 15,000 Day 3 Robert E. Lee will order an assault against the Union middle position. (Pickett’s Charge) If the line breaks, Confederate forces will have a clear road on to Washington D.C.

  31. Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 The Battle of Gettysburg

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