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DISEASES OF INFANCY & CHILDHOOD I

DISEASES OF INFANCY & CHILDHOOD I. R. HUGO MARTÍNEZ LOZANO, M.D. Aug-28-2009. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: K & U. GENERAL FEATURES CONGENITAL ANOMALIES BIRTH WEIGHT & GESTATIONAL AGE BIRTH INJURIES PERINATAL INFECTIONS NEONATAL RDS NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS GM-VENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGES

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DISEASES OF INFANCY & CHILDHOOD I

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  1. DISEASES OF INFANCY & CHILDHOOD I R. HUGO MARTÍNEZ LOZANO, M.D. Aug-28-2009.

  2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: K & U • GENERAL FEATURES • CONGENITAL ANOMALIES • BIRTH WEIGHT & GESTATIONAL AGE • BIRTH INJURIES • PERINATAL INFECTIONS • NEONATAL RDS • NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS • GM-VENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGES • HYDROPS FETALIS Ref: pp. 470-486 & lecture’s information

  3. GENERAL FEATURES: MORTALITY RATES • < 1 YEAR 727.4 • 1-4 YEARS 32.6 • 5-14 YEARS 18.5 • 15-24 YEARS 80.7 Rates: per 100,000 population/year.

  4. CONGENITAL ANOMALIES: DEFINITIONS • MALFORMATIONS • DISRUPTIONS • DEFORMATIONS • SECQUENCES • SYNDROMES

  5. MALFORMATIONS PRIMARY ERROR OF MORPHOGENESIS

  6. DISRUPTIONS SECONDARY DESTRUCTION (AMNIOTIC BANDS)

  7. IDEM

  8. DEFORMATIONS EXTRINSIC DEFORMITY (BIOMECHANICAL CAUSES) CLUBFEET Deformation but no destruction

  9. SEQUENCES

  10. POTTER’S FACIES (OLIGOHIYDRAMNIOS)

  11. CLUB FEET (VARUS TYPE)

  12. SEVERE PULMONARY HYPOPLASIA (OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS)

  13. NORMAL

  14. SYNDROMES MICROCEPHALY, CYCLOPIA, PROBOSCIS, POLYDACTILY AND ABNORMAL KARIOGRAM NOT related to a single initiating defect

  15. CONGENITAL ANOMALIES: CAUSES • GENETIC 12-25% • ENVIRONMENTAL 10-13% • MULTIFACTORIAL 20-25% • IDIOPATIC 40-60%

  16. POLICYSTIC KIDNEY SX.

  17. FAS

  18. NEUROAXIS DEFECT: Most likely environmental deficiency?

  19. ANENCEPHALY

  20. CONGENITAL TUMORS

  21. CONGENITAL ANOMALIES: 3% 1st. CAUSE OF DEATH UNDER 1 YEAR.

  22. BIRTH WEIGHT & GESTATIONAL AGE • AGA • SGA • LGA 37 W----------------42W PRETERM FULL-TERM POST-TERM

  23. APGAR SCORE

  24. PREMATURITY • 2nd. IN NEONATAL MORALITY • RISK FACTORS: -PPROM -INTRAUTERINE INFECTION -STRUCTURAL ABNORMAL. -MULTIPLE GESTATIONS • COMPLICATIONS -RDS -NECROTIZING EC -SEPSIS -BRAIN HEMORRAGHE

  25. KERNICTERUS KERNICTERUS

  26. EXTREME PREMATURITY

  27. BIRTH INJURIES CAPUT SUCCEDANUM

  28. PERINATAL INFECTIONS • TRANSCERVICAL (ASCENDING): - CHORIOAMNIONITIS - HVS-II - PAPILLOMATOSIS - CHLAMYDIASIS

  29. HERPETIC ENCEPHALITIS

  30. PERINATAL INFECTIONS • TRANSPLACENTAL: - TOXOPLASMOSIS - MALARIA - RUBELLA - CMV - HEPATITIS B - PARVOVIRUS B19 - BACTERIA (TREPONEMA, LISTERIA)

  31. CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS

  32. TOMOGRAPHY MR

  33. TOMOGRAPHY: DIAGNOSIS?

  34. PARVOVIRUS B19

  35. IDEM

  36. RDS: ETIOPATHOGENESIS

  37. MULTIPLE MICROATELECTASIS

  38. EARLY STAGE

  39. RDS

  40. MICROATELECTASIS

  41. LATE STAGE

  42. N.E.

  43. N.E.

  44. GMH: TOPOGRAPHY & MORPHOLOGY

  45. HYDROPS FETALIS

  46. ERYTHROBLASTOSIS

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