1. Sensor Nodes • basic part of a sensor network • components • low-power processor • limited memory • array of sensors (magnetometer, accelerometer, radar, infrared sensor, microphone, etc.) • radio transmitter • power source (battery) • main constraint – low power • other constraints – memory, slow processor • other characteristics – not mobile, programmable, ad hoc netowork

2. Prototype Networked Sensor (Mote) • 4Mhz, 8bit MCU • 512 bytes RAM, 8K ROM • 900Mhz Radio 10-30 ft. range • light and other sensors • ADC • LED outputs • serial Port

3. Other Sensor Exampls LWIM III UCLA, 1996 Geophone, RFM radio, PIC, star network AWAIRS I UCLA/RSC 1998 Geophone, DS/SS Radio, strongARM, Multi-hop networks Sensor Mote UCB, 2000 RFM radio, Atmel Medusa, MK-2 UCLA NESL 2002 • Predecessors in • DARPA Packet Radio program • USC-ISI Distributed Sensor Network Project (DSN)

4. Embedded Networked Sensing Potential • Micro-sensors, on-board processing, wireless interfaces feasible at very small scale--can monitor phenomena “up close” • Enables spatially and temporally dense environmental monitoring Embedded Networked Sensing will reveal previously unobservable phenomena Ecosystems, Biocomplexity Contaminant Transport Marine Microorganisms Seismic Structure Response