5 locations

1. 5 locations Period 4 Group 3

2. Location The Caribbean is an island Florida of U.S. is to the north North of South America West of Mexico and Central America The Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean forms the coasts of these Islands. The Caribbean Islands consists of Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands Absolute location of Caribbean 30º W longitude and 75 º N latitude

3. Place • Physical • Centered on the Caribbean Sea • Falls within the neotropical • Belt north of the equator • Warm Temperatures • Diverse Flora and Fauna • Active volcanoes • Several mountain ranges • Arid Zones • Farming is capable

4. Place continued • Human- • 85 % of the people live in the Greater Antilles • Puerto Rico has the highest population density • Mainland Belize and Guiana are lightly populated • Enslaved Africans balance high mortality among indigenous people under European colonization • Population increase began in 19th century

5. Place Continued… • Human • Fertility decline happened in Cuba and Barbados • HIV/AIDS rose it has became a regional issue • Caribbean people began to emigrate to other islands • Circular Migration occurred • In the 1950s people left mainly for jobs and economic opportunities • Caribbean people went across the globe

6. Movement • People- • People move due to emigration they moved to North America and Europe in 1950s • Many moved mainly for jobs and economic opportunity, due to the economic flight of Caribbean people across the globe AKA Caribbean Diaspora • Slaves from Africa moved to the Caribbean to balance high mortality among indigenous peoples under European colonization. • Enslaved Africans were brought to work in Latin America because European colonies ruined indigenous society and compelled different cultural and social systems which created demographic collapse. • About 10,000,000 Africans landed in the Americas • Creolization is when African and European cultures were blended in the Caribbean • European languages were transformed into local dialects • Sometimes new languages were created. • Musical traditions such as reggae, salsa, merengue, and calypso were produced

7. Movement Cont. • People • European colonies with their plantation based economies reproduce similar social structures throughout the country • Dominicans also left and Came to the U.S to settle in New York • Caribbean Diaspora is the economic flight of Caribbean across the globe • African slaves were the first to immigrate to the Americas including the Caribbean, because of African Diaspora • Asian immigrants migrated from South and South East Asia because they were fearful of labor shortages; • They sought indentured labor which is when workers contracted to labor on estates for a set period of time

8. Movement Cont • Goods • Sugar production was a profitable work • They expanded non-traditional exports such as flowers, nuts, and processed fruits. • Besides sugar there were bananas, citrus, coffee, spices, timber, nickel, and bauxite • Ideas • Ruled by European elite and was dependant on an African labor force • The shortage of housing urban opportunities and housing has resulted in squatter settlements and reliance on informal sector Cuba’s apartments reflect the influence of Russia and socialism • Emigration includes, Cubans choose to live in Miami, and most people from Puerto Rico move into the U.S • Columbus from Spain and other European countries inspired movement • African slaves were the first to immigrate to the Americas

9. Interaction Btw. Humans & The Environment • Change • Plantation agriculture and subsistence farming shaped Caribbean settlement patterns creating low-lying arable lands. • 60% of the region is classified as urban populated with as much as one million or more residents • rural-to-urban migration due to mechanization of agriculture, offshore industrialization, and rapid population growth • Coast of the Caribbean has major ports for European Trade

10. Interaction Btw. Humans & The Environment Continued • Adapt • The landscape oriented to welcoming cruise ships and sun-seeking tourists • The construction of house yards blended well with the rural subsistence because of condition of land scarcity, poverty, out-migration, and matriarchal family structures. • Because of its ports and its vulnerability to rival European powers and pirates, the major cities were extensively fortified. • Cobble-stoned streets and cathedrals were examples of the colonial architecture. • Rapid urban population growth brought government housing of standardized apartment blocks. • Most crowded and overpopulated cities were built close to the sea for its cooling breezes.

11. Region • Physical • Lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator • Warm Temperatures year round • Diverse Flora and Fauna • Best farmland even though soils leach • Mountain ranges from 6,000-10,000 feet • Political • Porto Rico is in possession of the united States • Britain controlled Cayman Islands and other regions in the Caribbean • Regional Integration and the common market hasn’t been successful • Cuba was an ally of the former U.S.S.R. • Cultural- • Descendants of African slaves make up some of the population. • Asian immigrant’s who migrated for work their descendants also make up the population.

12. Region Continued • Economic- • Agriculture is in decline due to economic development. • Creation of free trade zones (FTZs): • duty-free and tax-exempt industrial parks for foreign corporations, • legalize foreign ownership, • provides cheap labor; assembly plants in major cities of the Caribbean . • Offshore banking centers appeal to foreign banks and corporations by offering specialized services that are confidential and tax-exempt; cities with these centers make money from registration fees, not taxes. • Foreign companies are allowed to build factories in the Caribbean • Tourism is stimulating the economy due to people coming from various companies and spending money

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