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Unit 2: Social Influence

Unit 2: Social Influence. What is Social Facilitation?. Learning Outcomes:. To understand what is meant by the term ‘social facilitation’. To know the 2 causes of social facilitation: the co-action effect & audience effect. To be able to design a task to test social facilitation.

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Unit 2: Social Influence

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  1. Unit 2:Social Influence What is Social Facilitation?

  2. Learning Outcomes: • To understand what is meant by the term ‘social facilitation’. • To know the 2 causes of social facilitation: the co-action effect & audience effect. • To be able to design a task to test social facilitation.

  3. Key terms & definitions • Social facilitation the tendency for people to perform better on tasks in the presence of others than when alone. • Social inhibition the tendency for people to perform worse in the presence of others than when alone.

  4. Audience effects effect of the presence of others who are not taking part in the task e.g playing tennis in front of a large crowd at Wimbledon. • Co-action effects other people who are independently carrying out the same task can effect performance e.g. running a 100m race with 7 other athletes.

  5. Triplett’s Research (1898) • Observed that cyclists rode faster when racing with others than when riding alone. • At first, he thought it was the competitive element that improved performance. This led him to carry out further research using a lab setting.

  6. Triplett’s lab study: • Read the aim and method. • Identify the research design used. • Can you recall a problem/disadvantage with using this design?

  7. Results • The participants performed approximately 1% faster with the presence of a co-actor.

  8. Travis (1925) • Aim: to investigate whether performance would be enhanced or not with the presence of an audience. • Procedure: trained 20 people in a hand-eye coordination task until their performance reached a set standard. They tracked a light around a circular track. 10 trials in front of audience. Compared this with performance on 10 best trials carried out alone.

  9. Results: 18 out of 20 pps performed the task better with an audience than when alone. • Conclusion: the results suggest that carrying out a task in front of an audience can facilitate performance.

  10. How science works activity: • You are expected to know how to design and carry out experiments. How might you test social facilitation? • You can work in pairs to complete the activity, but you should both have a set of notes/ideas.

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