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Chapter 20.2

Chapter 20.2. The Republic. A Radical Government. Factions in the New Government National Convention was the new body of government Spilt into 3 factions The Mountains aka Montagnards - most radical (a lot came from the Jacobin club… very radical group) Girondins - moderate

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Chapter 20.2

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  1. Chapter 20.2 The Republic

  2. A Radical Government • Factions in the New Government • National Convention was the new body of government • Spilt into 3 factions • The Mountains aka Montagnards- most radical (a lot came from the Jacobin club… very radical group) • Girondins- moderate • The Plain- swing voters • These groups did had no formal organization and each member votes individually.

  3. A Radical New Government • Radical Leaders • Three main leaders • Jean Paul-Marat- an advocate for violence and a leader of the Paris sans culottes, was one of the National Conventions most radical leaders • George-Jacques Danton- a violent agitator in the early days of the Revolution was very popular with the public. • Maximilien Robespierre- very dedicated to the revolution. Very radical and let the National Convention during it’s bloodiest times

  4. A Radical Government • The Execution of the King • The National Convention and it’s support were eager to execute the King so there would not be a chance of his return to the monarch • He was tried and killed by guillotine • The execution of the King shocked the French and horrified other Europeans

  5. A Radical Government • Tightening Control • National Convention set up the Committee of Public Safety to manage the military • Drafted all unmarried men from 18-45 • National Convention set up a court called Revolutionary Tribunal to root out a destroy people who were against the revolution

  6. A Radical Government • Transforming Society • Revolution wanted to transform French Society • Got rid of religion • Replaced the Catholic Church with the Supreme Being cult which worshiped the Revolution • Changed to the metric system • Changed the calendar every month had 3 weeks and 10 days

  7. The Reign of Terror Many inside and outside of France questioned the Revolution and what they were trying to accomplish and how they went about it To stop a possible counterrevolution the Mountains started the Reign of Terror

  8. Reign of Terror • An Outbreak of Civil War • Countryside of France opposed the Revolution • Peasant had gotten what they wanted- end of feudal dues and fees • They were devout catholic and loyal to the throne • Catholic and Royal army emerged as a counterrevolution to try and stop the Revolution • This was brought on civil war. The Revolutionaries eventually won killing everyone and everything in the western countryside

  9. The Reign of Terror • Accusations and Trails • Revolutionary Tribunal started a campaign to stop anyone speaking out against the revolution • Some people were tried and killed just because they were suspected of starting a counterrevolution • The accused had few rights and some were not allowed a defense

  10. The Reign of Terror • Death by Guillotine • The most common sentence was death by guillotine • At the scaffold mob would jeer and yell at the accused and watch the execution • Some women supports of the revolution would sit by the guillotines and knit • The Guillotine was so effective they could kill more then one person per minute

  11. The Reign of Terror • The Terror’s Victim • The reign of terror did not spare any particular class, occupation, or gender • However more common people than nobles were killed • Many women were executed • Those who even launched the Reign of Terror fell victim themsleves • Robespierre sent Danton to the guillotine • Robespierre was later sent to the guillotine along with his followers • Over 300,000 people were arrested and 17,000 were executed • The widespread violence shocked the French and increased foreign opposition to the Revolution • Many people complained that the blood from guillotine were overflowing the cities drainage system

  12. The Reign of Terror • After the Terror • The actions of the Reign of Terror were intended to protect the Revolution but instead it weakened it. • When the terror end France had to start over with a new government • 1795 National Convention wrote another constitution • Created the Directory- a board of 5 men who were intended to lead the new reforms but were ineffective • The mimicked the Old Order and eventually fell • With no government in France, something had to change.

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