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Beginning of the Cold War

Beginning of the Cold War. How did the US and the Soviet Union move from allies to enemies?. Uneasy alliance Different economic and political systems Development of atomic bomb Stalin resents U.S. hid atomic bomb

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Beginning of the Cold War

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  1. Beginning of the Cold War

  2. How did the US and the Soviet Union move from allies to enemies? • Uneasy alliance • Different economic and political systems • Development of atomic bomb • Stalin resents U.S. hid atomic bomb • COLD WAR: conflict between nations carried on by political and economic means rather than direct conflict

  3. Former Allies Clash • The Potsdam Conference • July 1945 conference with U.S., Great Britain, and Soviet Union • Stalin does not allow free, multiparty elections in Poland • Bans democratic parties • Soviets want reparations from Germany; Truman objects • Agree to take reparations mainly from own occupation zones • U.S. emerges from war as great economic power • Wants Eastern European raw materials, markets

  4. TENSIONS MOUNT • Soviet Union also has great economic and military strength • Unlike U.S., Soviet Union suffered heavy devastation on own soil • Installs communist rule in satellite nations (countries it dominates) • 1946 Stalin announces that war between communism and capitalism inevitable

  5. DEMOCRACY VS. COMMUNISM A system of government in which there is no private property and there are no economic classes A form of government in which the supreme authority rests with the people

  6. Freedom Individual Capitalism Socialism Equality Totalitarian Democracy vs. Communism

  7. CAPITALISM: Economic system in which most businesses are privately owned Freedom of competition

  8. SOCIALISM: • Government ownership of industry • Created as a reaction to capitalism • Classless society • Goal is to bring economic equality to the people

  9. DEMOCRATIC • Government by the people • 2 forms • Representative • direct

  10. TOTALITARIAN • A form of government in which the person or party in charge has absolute control over all aspects of life • No freedom of press or speech

  11. FREEDOM • The condition of being free • Most valued • Freedom of the press • Freedom of speech • Freedom to do business

  12. EQUALITY • Condition of being equal • Most valued: basic needs met for all such as food, housing education and jobs

  13. INDIVIDUAL • Stresses the need for people to do things on their own • Competition: the best get to the top

  14. CONTAINMENT • U.S. establishes policy of containment (measures to prevent spread of communism)

  15. IRON CURTAIN • Coined by Winston Churchill • March 1946 • Described Soviet control over Eastern European countries • Stalin used Churchill’s words to persuade his people that the US and Great Britain were enemies of the Soviet Union

  16. WORLD RELATIONS • Conflict between US and Soviet Union made many western Europeans nations uneasy • NATO forms in April 1949 • Warsaw Pact forms in 1955 • WWII also raised concerns about the financial relationships between countries

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