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To most people, the word 'disease' refers to infectious diseases like typhoid, cholera etc. But how many of us regularly hear about diseases like Down's Syndrome? Probably a few - the ones who keep track of the medicinal world. So why are such diseases mostly unheard of? Because they are classified as rare diseases. Most of these rare diseases are ones about which we have little or no knowledge. As it happens, 29th February, the rarest of days in the annual calendar, is also the day when such... <br>
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To most people, the word 'disease' refers to infectious diseases like typhoid, cholera etc. But how many of us regularly hear about diseases like Down's Syndrome? Probably a few - the ones whokeep track of the medicinal world. So why are such diseases mostly unheard of? Because they are classified as rare diseases. Most of these rare diseases are ones about which we have little or no knowledge. As it happens, 29th February, the rarest of days in the annual calendar, is also the day when such rare diseases are shed light upon. 'Rare disease day' is observed on this day. You too can take this opportunity to learn about a few new diseases, while spreading awareness by sharing information.
Narcolepsy • It is a sleep disorder in which the patient experiences episodes of sleepiness during the day.Additional symptoms include extreme muscle weakness, before waking up or prior to sleeping, known as 'automatic behavior' i.e. doing things without any recollection of the action afterwards.
Down syndrome • It is a congenital disorder caused by chromosomal abnormality that happens before birth.Certain features, such as a flat face and a short neck are characteristic of Down syndrome. The more dangerous effect is a degree of intellectual disability in the child, that may range from mild to moderate. Although, Down syndrome is a lifelong condition, with care and support, children who have Down syndrome can grow up to have healthy, happy, productive lives.
Parkinson's disease • This disorder affects the way you move. It happens when the nerve cells in the brain that make dopamine (dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement) break down. The symptoms include movement disorders like tremors, rigidity, slowness of movement and postural instability. Parkinson's is progressive, which means it gets worse over time. But usually this happens slowly, over many years. Nowadays there are good treatments that can help Parkinson's patients live a full life..
Grave's disease • This disorder affects the thyroid gland and often the skin and eyes. Although seen predominantly in women, a small proportion of males are also affected. The main symptoms of Graves' disease may include - fatigue, weight loss, an abnormal intolerance of heat, muscle weakness, sleeping problems and rapid heart rate. Although, the exact cause of Graves' disease is unknown, it is thought that an imbalance in the immune system may play a role.
According to the Indian Society for Clinical Research, in India rare diseases affect around 70 million individuals. Most of the cases are either misdiagnosed or left untreated and this has resulted in increased mortality. Ignorance is no longer bliss; it is time to be awake and to spread awareness.
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