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Gas Laws

Gas Laws. Units Used With Gas Laws. PRESSURE: The force applied by many gas particles colliding with each other. Atmospheres (atm) STP= 1atm Pounds per square inch (PSI) STP= 14.7 Pascal (Pa) SI UNIT! STP= 101.3 kPa

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Gas Laws

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  1. Gas Laws

  2. Units Used With Gas Laws • PRESSURE: The force applied by many gas particles colliding with each other. • Atmospheres (atm) STP= 1atm • Pounds per square inch (PSI) STP= 14.7 • Pascal (Pa) SI UNIT! STP= 101.3 kPa • Millimeters of Mercury (mm Hg) STP= 760 • Torr (named after Torricelli) STP= 760 • EvangelistaTorricelli invented the barometer which used mercury.

  3. Units Used With Gas Laws 2 • Temperature: • Celsius (°C) STP=0 • Kelvin (K) STP=273 • To convert °C to K: K=°C + 273 • Example: 23°C =?K 23°C + 273= 296K

  4. Units Used With Gas Laws 3 • Volume: • Volume can be measured in liters (L) or milliliters (mL).

  5. 3 Major Gas Laws • Boyle’s Law • Charles’s Law • Gay Lussac’s Law

  6. Boyle’s Law • Robert Boyle (1627-1691) • Born in Ireland, and died in England. • 1st person to do an actual study on how volume and pressure effect each other.

  7. In all of Boyle’s studies, the temperature of the gas is always constant. Boyle’s equation indicates an inverse relationship between pressure and volume. If the pressure goes up, than the volume must go down.  volume,  pressure Boyle’s Law

  8. Boyle’s Law (P vs. V)

  9. Charles’s Law • Jacques Charles (1746-1823) • He built the first large balloon. • He studied the effects that temperature had on the volume of a gas.

  10. In all of Charles’s studies, the pressure is always constant, and the temp. in always in Kelvin. Charles’s equation indicates that there is a direct relationship between the temperature of a gas and it’s volume.  volume,  temp.  temp.,  volume Charles’s Law 2

  11. Charles’s Law (T vs. V)

  12. Gay-Lussac’s Law • Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) • A French chemist who traveled over 7,000 meters in altitude in a hot air balloon. • He studied the effects that temperature had on the pressure of gases.

  13. Lussac’s greatest discovery was the relationship between pressure and temperature. The volume for his problems will always be constant, and the temp. must be in Kelvin. This equation indicates that there is a direct relationship between pressure and temperature.  temp.,  pressure  pressure,  temp. Gay-Lussac’s Law 2

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