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The Vietnam War

The Vietnam War. 1. Planning Vietnam’s Future. 1954 Representatives from France, Vietnam, U.S. and Soviet Union met to establish a peace agreement for Vietnam Talks reflect Cold War tensions Vietnam will be divided into Northern and Southern halves Communists will control the Northern half.

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The Vietnam War

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  1. The Vietnam War

  2. 1. Planning Vietnam’s Future • 1954 • Representatives from France, Vietnam, U.S. and Soviet Union met to establish a peace agreement for Vietnam • Talks reflect Cold War tensions • Vietnam will be divided into Northern and Southern halves • Communists will control the Northern half

  3. iv. Voters would choose a government for a reunited Vietnam in 1956 v. U.S. feared that if Vietnam fell to Communism other Southeast Asian countries would follow • This is known as the domino theory

  4. 2. Fighting Begins • Ngo Dinh Diem • Leader of Southern Vietnam • Prevented the 1956 election from happening and made enemies • His enemies will form a group called the Vietcong • Means “Vietnamese Communists”

  5. b. Vietcong • Not all were Communist • Goal was to overthrow Diem’s government and reunite Vietnam • North Vietnamese will enter south Vietnam and fight with the Vietcong

  6. 3. Fighting Escalates • U.S. Role • Will increase aid to South Vietnam • Sent military advisors to help South Vietnamese forces

  7. b. Aug. 1964 • President Lyndon B. Johnson informed congress that two U.S. Navy ships sailing off the coast of North Vietnam’s coast had been victims of an unprovoked attack by North Vietnamese gunboats

  8. ii. Johnson does not mention all the facts iii. Congress will pass the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • Gave Johnson the power to expand U.S. involvement without declaring war

  9. c. New Strategy • U.S. involvement forced North Vietnam and the Vietcong to change their military strategy • Rather than pressing for a quick victory they focused on outlasting their enemies

  10. 4. Tet: A Turning Point • 1968 • North Vietnamese army and the Vietcong carry out a strike against cities and other targets in South Vietnam • Known as the Tet Offensive because it began on the Vietnamese New Year called Tet • War was a military setback for the Vietcong but was a political blow to the U.S. and South Vietnam • Attacks greatly weaken U.S. support for the war

  11. b. 1973 • U.S. will reach a peace agreement with North Vietnam and withdrew its military support c. 1975 • North Vietnamese tanks will enter Saigon, South Vietnam’s capital, ending the war

  12. 5. After the War • 1976 • Vietnam was reunited officially • Problems • Millions had died or made homeless during the war • Economy was severely crippled

  13. c. Economy • Mid-1980s , Vietnam will abandon its Soviet style planned economy • Will adopt economic reforms, that resulted in slow but largely steady economic growth d. 1995 • The U.S. formally recognized a united Vietnam • Both nations agreed to improve their trade relationship

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