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The Vietnam War

The Vietnam War. Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford

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The Vietnam War

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  1. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  2. Activity • Research leaders during the Vietnam War and provide a brief summary. • Label all countries with capitals • Color in these countries on your map and label their capitals: • China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Philippines, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore.

  3. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  4. Bell Ringer • Why does the location of Vietnam have any significance to the events taking place at this point in history?

  5. Objectives • Analyze why China and France wanted to control Vietnam. • Explain why the United States refused to support Vietnamese independence in the 1940s and 1950s. • Discuss why President Kennedy increased U.S. involvement in Vietnam.

  6. Background • Locals know many rulers throughout history • Constant suppression by colonial powers • British (India) 1700-1800s • French late 1800 through early 1900s • Locals wanted freedom from outside leadership – self determination

  7. Vietnam Timeline • Vietminh challenged French 1945-1954 • Ho Chi Minh organizes Vietminh • Fear is reinforced by Mao Zedong’s victory in China • Domino Theory and Eisenhower – “If one falls, they all fall.”

  8. Vietnam Timeline • French defeated at Diem Bien Phu 1954 • Geneva Accords divide the country North from South at 17th parallel • Vietnamese Civil War Begins 1958 • People found the benefits in Communism

  9. Vietnam Timeline • The NFL is established in 1960 • National Front for Liberation • Vietcong in South do not want Diem as leader • Communism shows the people the benefits of the party

  10. Vietnam Timeline • United State involvement escalates in 1960 • Kennedy helps train the ARVN • Diem is overthrown and assassinated by a coup in 1963 • Buddhists set themselves on fire??? • How does the United States government react? Would we commit?

  11. ABCs of Vietnam • With this ABC mini book you will be choosing a word for each letter of the alphabet and explain how it relates to the Vietnam War. • On each page illustrate one of the words that you have put down.

  12. Activity • Pg. 659 (1-4), choose a position you side with and explain why in one paragraph. • Imagine you are an adviser to President Eisenhower in 1959. Based on what you know at the time prepare a statement outlining the benefits and drawbacks of U.S. involvement in Vietnam. Finally, write a one-paragraph policy recommendation.

  13. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  14. iThink Moment • Share your policies with one person next to you. • What benefits/drawbacks did you find by going to war in Vietnam? • Are your policies similar? How are they different? • Pg. 659 Questions – What is your position?

  15. Objectives • Identify the constitutional issue the Tonkin Gulf Resolution raised. • Describe the strategies U.S. forces used in the Vietnam War.

  16. The Tonkin Gulf Resolution • Lyndon Johnson needed Congressional backing to increase commitment • Resolution offered authority to take “all necessary measures” • Call for escalation of forces

  17. The Tonkin Gulf Resolution • What message is Lyndon Johnson trying to portray to Congress? • What position does he propose America takes in this war? • How does Lyndon Johnson’s message appeal to the American people?

  18. U.S. Forces in Vietnam • Demand for soldiers led to the draft • Younger, poorer, less educated • Deferment: health, postponement, college • Women face increasing challenges

  19. U.S. Forces in Vietnam • Humanitarian organizations volunteer • Operation Rolling Thunder • Target: Ho Chi Minh Trail • Underground facilities established by Vietcong

  20. U.S. Forces in Vietnam • Commonly used weapons • Napalm, “cluster bombs”, defoliants (Agent Orange) • Bombing led many SV to join Vietcong

  21. Vietnam Video – Maring Hunt • What is Lyndon Johnson trying to do with his educational video? • How do the men describe Vietnam? • Why were men and women willing to join the Vietcong? (mins. 17-19 skip) • Why did American soldiers have a difficult time trusting the Vietnamese? • Stop movie at 21 mins.

  22. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  23. Bell Ringer • Pg. 666 – Why do you think these folks are protesting? Why do people typically protest during war? What are different forms of protest? Are we protected under the US Constitution to protest?

  24. Are you a conscientious objector? • Read the materials provided for you, answer the questions associated with the reading and make a decision on what you would do if you oppose the war but your government wants you to fight.

  25. Objectives • List factors that frustrated U.S. military efforts in Vietnam. • Explain why some Americans opposed the war, and describe how the government responded.

  26. The Media and the War • What was considered a victory? • Total dead • Gruesome images displayed • Americans split • Go all out or come home • Coverage on a daily basis – images contradict reports

  27. The Antiwar Movement • Doves = opposed • Yippies = Youth Int’l Party • Students for a Democratic Society • protest the draft, ROTC, and the CIA • Criticize government for discrimination • Hawks = supported • Found acts of protest upsetting

  28. Protest Commercial • Take a position on the Vietnam “Conflict” as either a hawk or a dove. • Develop a commercial, using iMovie, with 1-2 other classmates that states your position on this war. • Cite evidence from this war that proves why you hold the position that you do.

  29. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  30. Bell Ringer • Protest commercials • 15 Question Quiz

  31. Objectives • Explain why the Tet Offensive weakened American’s confidence about the war. • List the key events of the 1968 presidential election.

  32. The Tet Offensive • Opportunity to strike when least expected • Victory also shows the weaknesses in the South • Johnson – “If I’ve lost Cronkite, I’ve lost America.”

  33. The Election of 1968 • Johnson decides against reelection • Contenders for the Democratic seat • Eugene McCarthy • Robert Kennedy • Hubert Humphrey • Republican • Richard Nixon • Independent • George Wallace

  34. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  35. Voices of the Vietnam Era • Video: 1968 with Tom Brokaw • Obtain at least 5 quotes from these people and explain, based on what you see, what it was like to live through this period. • What do you believe would be the most challenging thing for you to overcome during this period in history? Describe the emotion of the times in one paragraph along with the quotations.

  36. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  37. iThink Moment • Read the first three paragraphs on page 670 of your text. • What was Richard Nixon’s plan to get American troops out of Vietnam?

  38. Objectives • Summarize how President Nixon attempted to end the war. • Describe how Americans reacted to President Nixon’s plan to end the war.

  39. Nixon, Vietnamization and Cambodia • Henry Kissinger encourages a plan to hand over fighting to the South • Nixon starts a secret bombing in Cambodia

  40. Nixon, Vietnamization and Cambodia • Bombing in Cambodia provokes outrage • My Lai Massacre • Protests were taking place • ROTC buildings • Kent State, Jackson State shootings • Congress reacts, journalists present the Pentagon Papers • Bad choices see a backlash

  41. Nixon’s Re-election • Nixon vs. the anti-war candidate, George McGovern • 26th Amendment lowers voting age from 21 to 18 • Nixon promises the war would end soon

  42. A Cease Fire at Last • Le Duct Tho and Kissinger plan negotiations, Paris 1969 • Talks resume at the end of 1972 • April 30, 1975 South Vietnamese surrender unconditionally • Domino Theory never occurs

  43. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  44. Objectives • Evaluate the war’s long-term effect on the American people.

  45. Effects of the War • Total number of victims is uncertain • Refugees flee postwar conditions • Most visible tragedy of the veterans was their fate • War Powers Act of 1973 provides a limit on commitment

  46. The Vietnam War Memorial • Maya Ying Lin designs the Vietnam Veterans Memorial • Video: The Wall at 25

  47. The Vietnam War Day 1: Key Players Day 2: Vietnam Background Day 3: The War Escalates Day 4: Media and the War Day 5: Turning Point Day 6: 1968 and the Tumultuous Times Day 7: Vietnam War Ends Day 8: Vietnam War Memorial Day 9: The Nixon Years Day 10: From Watergate to Ford Day 11: Carter and the 1970s Culture

  48. Bell Ringer – America: The Story of Us – Millennium • Many historians debate whether or not the U.S. has seen continual progress throughout its history, or if there have been moments of back-peddling or regression. How do you define progress in history? Do you think the U.S. has always progressed? Justify your answer based on what you see.

  49. Objectives • Discuss how President Nixon’s domestic policies differed from those of Presidents Johnson and Kennedy. • Describe how Nixon responded to economic problems. • Identify the causes and effects of the energy crisis.

  50. The Forgotten Americans • Support comes from the “Silent Majority” • Highest priority is welfare reform • Family Assistance Program • New Federalism • Nixon uses the Southern Strategy for civil rights issues

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