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John Adam’s Presidency

This article explores the pivotal moments during John Adams' presidency from 1797 to 1801, focusing on the XYZ Affairs, the Alien and Sedition Acts, and the Kentucky and Virginia Resolves. It highlights how France's attempt to bribe American diplomats led to heightened tensions, calls for war, and the establishment of controversial laws that targeted dissent. The piece discusses the implications of these events on civil liberties, the rise of the Republican opposition, and Adams' efforts to maintain peace with France, ultimately influencing the contentious election of 1800.

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John Adam’s Presidency

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  1. John Adam’s Presidency XYZ Affairs Alien and Sedition Act Kentucky & Virginia Resolves War is Avoided 1800 Election

  2. John Adams: 1797-1801 • John Adams: background • Election of 1796 • The XYZ Affairs: France tried to bribe American diplomats • Federalists call for war • Army built

  3. Alien and Sedition Act 1798 • Naturalization Act: 14 years to citizenship • Alien Enemies: President can arrest Aliens • “In time of war.” • Sedition Act: crime to criticize government • Matthew Lyons: Congressman arrested • Judges: mostly partisan Federalists • 25 arrested: most Republican journalists

  4. Republicans fight repression • State’s Rights • Kentucky Resolves • Jefferson • Sedition Act violates 1st Amend. • Nullification doctrine: states can refuse laws • Virginia Resolves • Madison

  5. John Adams

  6. Adam’s Finest Hour • Adam’s makes peace with France • Sends new ambassador to France • Tallyrand apologizes: new agreement • This made Federalists mad at him • Election of 1800 • Adams 65 • Jefferson 73 • Burr 73

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