Business ContractsTranslation 商务合同翻译

1. Business ContractsTranslation 商务合同翻译

2. 商务合同 用词特点I、同义词、近义词等连用在商务合同中，经常用同义词，间用and 或or 连接。此种用词意在强调说明合同内容、严格区分条款项目，在避免因歧义而发生纠纷。 例如：修改―― amendments to or alterations of ； 效力―― force and effect ； 履行―― fulfill or perform； 提供――furnish and provide ； 解释― ― interpretation or construction ； 达成― ― make and enter into ； 无效― ―null and void；

3. 依照本协议的条款规定――on the terms and subject to the conditions 由双方― ―by and between • 秘密――secret and confidential； • 可转让――transferable or assignable；

4. II、复合词多使用带有"here"，"there"，"where"等前缀II、复合词多使用带有"here"，"there"，"where"等前缀 • 在合同中使用这类复合词可避免重复，做到简洁、严密，同时反映出合同应有的正式规范性。举例说明如下: • 这类复合词中的“here”应理解为“this”,“ there”应理解为“that”,“ where”应理解为“which”。

5. hereof = of this在本文中，herewith = withthis 关于此点；hereafter = after this time; in the future 自此以后，将来；hereby = by means of this 以此方式；herein = in this place于此处；hereinafter = below or in this document 在下文；hereto = to this 由是，由此；hereby(特此，兹)，hereinafter(在下文中)，thereto(另外，随附)，thereof(其中，它的)，whereas(鉴于)，whereby(凭借)，whereupon(因此，于是)。

6. III.多用"shall"代替"will"或"should" • shall表示法律上需要强制执行的义务，有“应该”、“必须”的意思。“will”在合同中虽也用作表示承担义务，但语气比“shall”弱。在合同中“should”通常只用来表示语气较强的假设“万一”，这是英语合同用词与基础英语用词的不同之处。 • 例如:1.This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed.“本合同签字生效。”

7. 2．Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15. • 译文：本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于12月25日，你方须将货物装船。 • 3．Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY). • 译文：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元500元整。

8. IV.选用正规性词语商务合同作为正式性的法律文件，用于规定权利义务，表明细节条目，因此用词斟酌，正式、规范，多用正式或法律上的用词。IV.选用正规性词语商务合同作为正式性的法律文件，用于规定权利义务，表明细节条目，因此用词斟酌，正式、规范，多用正式或法律上的用词。 • 例如：（1）At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. • “应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。”assist 较help 正式； • （2）The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel. • “雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。”render 较give 正式；

9. V.常见惯用词的公式化使用 • 1、惯用WHEREAS “鉴于”，多用它在前文中引出签约背景和目的，起连词作用。例如： • （1）WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential Complex in Baghdad, Iraq； • “鉴于雇主欲请劳动力建造伊拉克巴格达的高层住宅综合大楼；” • （2）WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the Works； • “鉴于承包人想为此工程提供劳动力；”

10. VI.一般条款（General Terms and Conditions） • 合同有效期（Duration）。 2. 合同的终止（Termination）。3. 不可抗力（Force Majeure）。 4. 合同的让与（Assignment）。5. 仲裁（Arbitration）。6. 适用的法律（Governing Law）。7. 诉讼管辖（Jurisdiction）。8. 通知手续（Notice）。 9. 合同修改（Amendment）。10. 其他（Others）。 11、结尾条款（Witness Clause） 一般包括份数、使用的文字和效力、签名（Signature）。

11. 英语商务合同中常用短语 hereinafter referred to as 以下称 whereas 鉴于 in witness whereof 兹证明 for and on behalf of 代表 by virtue of 因为 prior to 在……之前 as regards/concerning/relating to 关于 cease to do 停止做 in effect 事实上 miscellaneous 其他事项

12. 英语商务合同中常用的术语有：Force Majeure(不可抗力)，defect（瑕疵）， jurisdiction（管辖），draft at sight（即期汇票），letter of credit(信用证)，bill of lading（提单），documents against acceptance(承兑交单)，bill of exchange(汇票)，firm offer（实盘），technology transfer（技术转让）等等，这些专业术语语义精炼，表义准确，正式、规范、严谨，符合合同正规、严肃的文体特征。

13. 常用条件句 • 合同为表达可能发生的各种情况、设想，以及相关的处理方法，条款中条件句较多，尤其是在有关付款、违约责任、不可抗力、财产处理和仲裁等几部分中。这种结构虽然拖沓冗长，但表意精确，避免了产生歧义的情形。常见表达有： • in the event that, in case表达“如果、假若”，should 表达希望某事不太可能发生等。例如：（1）In case the Import License is required, the buyer should settle the problem before placing the order.“若需要进口许可证，买方应在订货前办妥。”

14. （2）Should the buyer fail to perform any provision of the contract signed with the seller, the seller is entitled to terminate the wholeor any part of the contract, or postpone the delivery or hold back the goods in transit. • “假如买方未能履行与卖方所订立合同的任何条款，卖方有权终止全部或部分合同，或延期交货，或截留运输中货物。”

15. 状语转换 • 1、状语转换为主语 • 例10：·For the purpose of this Contract, the Party B desires to introduce the Patent and engage in production cooperation in accordance with the technical know-how specified in the Patent. • 本合同的目的在于乙方希望引进专利，按专利提供的技术进行合作生产。

16. 2 、状语转换为谓语 • 例9：The conditions for the establishment of the Joint Venture Company and the total amount of investment and registered capital are stipulated in this Contrast.本合同规定了设立合资公司的条件以及投资总额与注册资本。

17. 合资经营合同(开头一段) • 编号.85-100 • 按照中华人民共和国法律组成的上海建筑材料进出口公司，其总公司在中华人民共和国，上海市……为第一方（以下简称甲方）与受制于美国法律的环球建筑物资供应公司，其总公司在美国，俄亥俄州，……为第二方（以下简称乙方）于2010年3月2日订立合同。

18. Joint Venture Contract • No. 85-100 • This Contract is made on the 2nd day of March, 2010 between Shanghai Building Materials Import & Export Corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China, having its principal office at Pudong, Shanghai, the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter called Party A) of the First Part and The Global Construction Supplies Company organized under the laws of the USA, having its principal office at… Ohio, U.S.A.(hereinafter called Party B) of the Second Part.

19. WHEREAS Party A desires to use Party B’s technology and trademark to manufacture and sell Road Marks in China and overseas markets; • WHEREAS Party B desires to co-operate with Party A to manufacture and sell Road Marks in China and overseas markets, and • WHEREAS both parties consider these objectives can be achieved by the formation of a joint venture company under the relevant laws, rules and regulations of the People’s Republic of China; • NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the convents described hereinafter, Party A and Party B agree as follows.

20. 买卖合同（范式） • 合同号： • 签署日期/地点： • 买方名称： • 法定地址： • 联系人： • 卖方名称： • 法定地址： • 联系人： • 买卖双方经协商，签署本合同。根据合同条款规 • 定，买方同意购买，卖方同意出售下列货物。

21. 货物名称及合同适用范围 • 价格 • 付款方式 • 包装条件 • …… • 双方证明，合同自签署之日起生效。 • 买方： 卖方： • 签署人： 签署人： • 日期： 日期： • 最终用户： • 签署人： • 日期：

22. body 1. NAME OF COMMODITY AND SCOPE OF THE CONTRACT 2. PRICE 3. PAYMENT 4. PACKING IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this contract has been executed effective as of the date first above written. THE BUYER THE SELLER ___________ ___________ By：__________ By：__________ Date：_________ Date：_________ THE END USER ___________ By： __________ Date：_________

23. Basic Terms and Conditions Name of commodity and specification (品名及规格): Lithophone Zns content 28% min. 2 Quantity: 900M/T. (Metric Ton) 公吨 3 Unit price (单价): USD 120 per M/T CFRC 5% Singapore. • C: Cost (成本) • F: Freight (运费) • C: Commission (佣金) 4 Total amount: USD108,000 with 5% more or less (溢短装条款) both in amount and quantity at the seller’s option.

24. 5 Packing: By paper-lined glass-fibre bags of 25kg. each, gross for net.(以毛作净) 6 Shipping marks (运输标志或唛头): To be designated by the sellers.

25. Port of shipment and Port of Destination (装运港和目的港): From Qingtao to Singapore Time of shipment: During May/July,1995, into three equal lots. Partial shipment (分批装运) to be allowed, transhipment (转运) not to be allowed. Insurance: To be covered by the buyers. Terms of payment: By irrevocable, transferable, and divisible banker’s acceptance letter of credit to cover the total value of each monthly (or lot of ) shipment as stipulated above Commodity inspection: Certificate of quality and weight issued by the Chinese Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau at the port of shipment

26. 12 Amendment of Letter of Credit • If the L/C is not in accordance with the terms of contract, amendments should be made immediately by the buyers • Buyers shall be responsible for any losses thus incurred as well as for late shipment thus caused 13 Shipping Advice (装运通知) • The sellers or their branches shall notify the buyers or their agents by cable or telex of the number of L/C, quantity and name of vessel immediately after loading is completed. 14Claims (索赔) The buyers shall have the right within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination to lodge or file claims concerning the quality, quantity or weight of the goods ( claims for perishable goods are to be put forward immediately after arrival of the goods at destination).

27. 15.Force Majeure (不可抗力) • Should any natural disasters happen,the time of shipment might be extended, or a part or whole of the contract cancelled without liability attached to the sellers. The seller shall furnish the buyer within 15 days after the accident by registered airmail with a certificate issued by the competent government authority or the chamber of commerce which is located at the place.

28. Arbitration:All disputes arising from the execution of or in connection with this Agreement shall be settled amicably through friendly negotiation. In case settlement fails to be reached through negotiation, the case shall then be submitted to the Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for arbitration in accordance with its Provisional Rules of Procedure. The arbitral decision is final and binding upon both parties.(仲裁：凡因执行本协议所发生的与本协议有关的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决，如果协商不能解决，应提交中国国际贸易促进委员会根据该会仲裁程序暂行规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终极的，对双方均有约束力。)

29. 合同的结尾 • 例如： （1） IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first above written.“作为本协议事项的证据，双方授权代表于上面首次写明的日期正式签订本协议一式两份。”

30. （2）This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies.”本合同应以英文写成，一式四份，双方各持两份。 （3）The contract is made out in English and Chinese languages in quadruplicate, both texts being equally authentic, and each Party shall hold two copies of each text. 本合同用英文和中文两种文字写成，一式四份。双方执英文本和中文本各一式两份，两种文字具有同等效力。

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35. Thank you foryour listening!