1. Reform, Resistance, Revolution Chapter 5

2. Pontiac’s War • King’s Proclamation (1763) • Pontiac’s War (1763) - Indians were united - small-pox blankets

3. peace in 1764 • Ottawa Chief Pontiac accepted the English as his brothers with the understanding that the English did not own the land, but were merely leasing it. • The English went along with this provision, but with no intention of keeping to it

4. Pontiac’s Assassination, April 20, 1769 • Whether it was jealousy of his favor with the English or just a desire to destroy the power of a legendary warrior, Pontiac was murdered in 1769

5. Reform & taxation of the colonies • Seven Years War bankrupted England • Parliament passes Sugar Act of 1764 Quartering act of 1765

6. The Controversial Stamp Act • Army costs & Indian gifts • Stamp Act of 1765 - all legal documents & papers void unless officially stamped - affects all colonists - taxation without representation - British rule w/out consent

7. Resistance to the Stamp Act • Newspapers & Legislatures • Sons of liberty • no one used stamps - united colonist

8. Repeal of Stamp Act • Franklin urges Parliament • Repeal of tax - detrimental to England’s commerce

9. Townshend Act of 1767 • Imposed new duties on certain imports from Britain: tea, paper, glass, paint etc

10. Strategies of resistance • Boston Gazette called for nonimportation • Sons of Liberty • British send 1,000 troops to Boston

11. The Boston Massacre • soldiers & civilians collide • Sons of Liberty - 11-yr old boy dies (1770) • tensions reach climax • Colonists & Soldiers clash - 5 civilians killed - guards stand trial

12. Britain repels Townsend duties, 1769 (except tea) • Nonimportation success • 1770-73- calm relations

13. Tea Tax of 1773 • East India Company • Tea Act would save East India com. - eliminated all taxes on tea except the three pence Townsend tax - British tea would be cheapest

14. Boston Tea Party • Resistant to Tea act mounts • tax & monopoly • Sons of liberty - dump tea in Harbor (1773)

15. Coercive acts • Parliament’s Coercive acts • “Intolerable Acts” • With Mass under military control, the stage was set for armed resistance

16. Colonial supplies at Concord Gage sends troops (04/1775) Massachusetts Minutemen Paul Revere meet troops at Lexington Battles of Lexington & Concord

17. Battles of Lexington & Concord

18. Battles of Lexington & Concord • British picked off on return (275 casualties) • Charges of British tyranny spread • What was important about the battles of Lexington & Concord?

19. 1st Continental Congress • response to the Coercive Acts (1774) • 1st congress- Sept 1774 - endorsed nonimportation - petitioned king not parliament - agreed to meet again

20. Continental Congress • 2nd Continental Congress- May 1775 - formed continental army - no longer see themselves as Englishmen - declared independence • Was the congress a gov’t?

21. Struggle for middle colony loyalties • By 1776, many favored independence • Royal gov’ts • Thomas Paine’s Common Sense - What did Pain’s pamphlet urged Americans to do? - “there is something absurd in supposing a continent to be governed by an island”

22. Independence • Taxation without representation • England was waging war against colonists • Self defense demanded a permanent separation

23. July 4, 1776 • 2nd Continental Congress approves Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence • (A-1)

24. Betsy Ross, 1776