Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC): Agriculture Initiative

1. Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC):Agriculture Initiative

2. Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) • Short-lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs): Air pollutants and greenhouse gases with relatively short atmospheric lifetimes, a warming influence on climate compared to CO2 and other long-lived GHGs, and detrimental impacts on human health, agriculture, and ecosystems • Air pollutants: black carbon and tropospheric ozone; • Greenhouse gases: methane and some hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). • Growing recognition of the need to address SLCPs as an urgent and collective challenge set the ground for the establishment of a focused global effort. • UNEP/WMO (2011) and UNEP (2011) show potential for avoiding 0.5˚C warming, 30 million tons’ crop losses p.a., & 2 million premature deaths p.a. • Launched by UNEP and 6 countries’ environment ministers in February 2012, CCAC is designed to accelerate and enhance global, regional, and national public and private efforts to address SLCPs.

3. CCAC: Key Elements • Voluntary and Partner-led effort. • Over 70 Partners including countries, NGOs and IGOs. • Includes G8 & countries on 6 continents, EC, WB, UNEP & UNDP, WHO • Levers high-level political engagement and partnerships • Initial focus: black carbon, methane and some HFCs. • Complements actions to address longer-lived greenhouse gases such as CO2. • Addresses detrimental health, agricultural and environmental impacts • Practical in its approach - identifies priority areas where cost effective actions can be initiated immediately. • Identifies gaps / barriers in existing efforts to address SLCPs and seeks to surmount them.

4. CCAC: Governance Structure • High Level Assembly • Provides political and strategic direction to the Coalition • Working Group • Oversees activities of the Coalition • Steering Committee • Supports oversight of activities and produces recommendations to the Working Group and High Level Assembly • Has authority on a limited number of issues • Scientific Advisory Panel • Advises on scientific matters • Small group, demand based • Secretariat • Supports oversight, coordinates action • Manages the Coalition Trust Fund

5. CCAC: Initiatives • Key criteria in selecting initiatives: • Magnitude of SLCP reductions; • Comparative advantage of the Coalition; • Ability to complement, scale-up and accelerate existing efforts; and • Ability to catalyze new actions. • Sectoral initiatives led by Partners: • Heavy duty diesel vehicles and engines; • Brick kilns; • Municipal solid waste sector; • Oil and gas production; • HFCs; • Cooking and domestic heating; • Agriculture • Cross-cutting initiatives: • Regional science assessment in Latin America; • Development of National Action Plans; • Financing SLCP reductions projects

6. Why is the CCAC Addressing Agriculture? - Agriculture accounts for ~50% of global methane emissions; livestock accounts for ~33%. Source: U.S. EPA, 2010. - Agriculture & forestry (open burning) accounts for ~35% of global black carbon emissions (Bond et al. 2013)

7. CCAC Agriculture Initiative • Objective: Share and implement best practices for minimizing emissions of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) from agriculture, including CH4 & BC • Consistency with broader climate change objectives and enhancing food security and livelihoods • Focus: Identifying and facilitating best management practices and technologies, tailored to national and local circumstances to reduce SLCPs • Emissions types: Livestock (CH4), paddy rice (CH4), open burning (BC) • Approach: • Build on existing research, knowledge and technologies, including the GRA, CGIAR, CCAFS, the Global Methane Initiative, FAO, World Bank, & others.   • Where appropriate, the CCAC may also help to accelerate and scale up work in relevant fora, or initiate new work where gaps exist. • Promote scale-up of existing efforts through awareness raising, high-level political will, partnerships, and resource mobilization. • Lead partners: Canada, U.S., Bangladesh, Ghana, European Commission, World Bank (working with GRA and FAO)  

8. CCAC Agriculture Initiative Livestock Component • Objectives: • Integrate manure management practices into livestock systems and improve existing practices to reduce short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) and other harmful emissions to the environment, • capture methane as an energy source, and • optimize nutrient utilization for crop production by managing and removing barriers to action with a view toward enhancing food security and sustainable development.

9. CCAC Agriculture Initiative Livestock Component (II) • Expected Results: • Increased awareness of the potential of manure management amongst key stakeholders such as farmers and policymakers, • improved stakeholder capacity to implement best practices, • introduction of policies enabling improved manure management, and • an active linkage among practitioners and organizations to share experiences and generate partnerships that accelerate manure management activity in the livestock sector

10. CCAC Agriculture Initiative Livestock Component (III) • Key activities and Institutions: • Raising awareness of manure management options at the level of policy, private sector and farmers organizations through outreach and communication; • Engage global and regional expertise and establish: • Advisory Board of leading international institutions to provide strategic guidance; • Central Hub (FAO and Wageningen UR) and three Regional Centers (Asia, Latin America, Africa), working in close collaboration, to identify opportunities and conduct work in regions, build networks & partnerships, gather information, and implement projects; • networks to exchange manure management information, connect people, and forge partnerships; • A roster of experts to provide targeted technical assistance and training, analysis and practical implementation and policy support, relying heavily on co-financing and in-kind resources from partners; • projects and partnerships to improve manure management by providing information, experts, knowledge exchange, and access to resources; • an internet-based information infrastructure to serve as a searchable repository for global and regional knowledge on manure management.

11. CCAC Agriculture Initiative Livestock Component (IV) • Development of livestock component proposal since early 2013 • Submitted proposal to fund initial activities to the CCAC working group on October 1 • CCAC funding decision on November 19 • initial planning meeting expected at FAO in late January • Lead and implementing partners: United States; Canada; U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); Wageningen UR Livestock Research; Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE); Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI); International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) • Advisory board: World Bank; Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA); Global Methane Initiative (GMI); Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Center (LPELC); European Commission

12. Collaboration between CCAC and GRA on Sustainable Livestock • CCAC seeks to partner with GRA’s focus areas “closing the efficiency gap” and “waste to worth”: • Focus area Closing the efficiency gap aims to stimulate the application of existing technologies [e.g., manure management chain, anaerobic digestion; monetizing increased efficiencies] • Focus area Waste to worth aims to recover and recycle nutrients and energy contained in animal manure from intensive and confined livestock production operations. Agenda partners will develop planning tools and regulatory and incentive frameworks to support viable manure management practices. [e.g. relevant tools in both rural and concentrated livestock management environments that reduce SLCP emissions, recover nutrients, and add economic value]

13. Collaboration between CCAC and GRA on Sustainable Livestock (II) • In the near term, CCAC proposes collaboration with GRA sustainable livestock activities for the CCAC livestock component’s global and regional scoping: • A quantification of efficiency gaps in target countries, regions, and production systems; • A global inventory of current manure distribution, management practices, and associated nutrient balances. • GRA expertise for CCAC livestock roster of experts, regional centers and implementation plans in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. GRA countries and other involved stakeholders are encouraged to participate, share expertise, and help build partnerships.

14. Thank you! • We welcome your interest and engagement • Contact information, CCAC Livestock Lead Partners: • Sunny Uppal, Environment Canada • Mark Manis, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Mark.Manis@fas.usda.gov • Andrew Eil, U.S. Department of State, EilAG@state.gov • Bob Turnock, Agriculture Canada • Contact information, GRA partners for CCAC livestock: • Jeroen Dijkman, FAO • Theun Vellinga, WageningenUR Livestock