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Understanding Prepositions and Conjunctions in English Grammar

In this practice session, we will explore key exercises focused on prepositions and conjunctions. We will review proper usage of "in," "at," "on," "of," and "off," along with various other prepositions through structured exercises. We will also analyze the role of "but" as a conjunction, adverb, noun, and preposition, with illustrative examples. Participants will engage in detailed practice, including distinguishing between spatial, temporal, and metaphoric meanings of prepositions, and culminating in a thorough review before the mid-term exam.

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Understanding Prepositions and Conjunctions in English Grammar

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  1. PP PRACTICE CLASS #5 (#6) 2012-03-27/28

  2. Today …

  3. WE WILL GET PPs OUT OF THE WAY…

  4. page 119 – exercise 5 (a-e) IN IN AT ON OF OFF /ON AT AGAINST WITH

  5. page 119 – exercise 5 (f-i) IN IN TO BY

  6. page 119 – exercise 6 (a-d) PREP ADV PREP ADV PREP PREP PREP

  7. page 119 – exercise 6 (e-h) ADV ADV PREP ADV

  8. page 119 – exercise 6 (i-j) PREP ADV PREP CONJUNCTION

  9. DIGRESSION: BUT – parts of speech • BUT can be a CONJUNCTION: • It wasn’t the red skirt but the blue one. • By the end of the day we were tired but happy. • I am sorry but I can’t stay any longer. • I had no choice but to sign the contract. • BUT can be an ADVERB: • There were a lot of celebrities there: Tom Cruise and Angelina Jolie, to name but two. • BUT can be a NOUN: • With so many ifs and buts, it is better to wait. • BUT can be a PREPOSITON: • The problem was anything but easy. • Everyone was there but him. • I came last but one in the race. (next to last)

  10. BASIC PREPOSITIONAL MEANINGS

  11. SPACE • Prepositions denoting spatial relations can be classified into several subgroups on the basis of two criteria: • TYPE OF REFERENCE POINT • STATIC OR DYNAMIC POSITION Type of reference point:

  12. TIME

  13. PROCESS

  14. CONTINGENCY

  15. OTHER MEANINGS

  16. page 118 – exercise 4 (a-e) TIME: location TIME: location SPACE: surface, direction SPACE: location, point SPACE: point, direction SPACE: point, direction (destination) SPACE: surface, location SPACE: surface, direction

  17. page 118 – exercise 4 (f-j) CONTINGENCY: purpose, goal CONTINGENCY: purpose, goal SPACE: area, direction CONTINGENCY: purpose, goal SPACE: location, point TIME: metaphorical extension of the meaning of space

  18. page 118 – exercise 4 (k-o) SPACE: surface, direction SPACE: line, location, relative position SPACE: metaphorical extension of space PROCESS: instrument PROCESS: instrument

  19. page 119 – exercise 4 (p-t) CONTINGENCY: cause, reason PROCESS: agent TIME: location PROCESS: manner PROCESS: manner CONTINGENCY: condition OTHER: respect CONTINGENCY: concession

  20. THE END OF PREPOSITIONS AND THE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

  21. ADVERBIALS THE LAST TOPIC BEFORE THE MID-TERM EXAM

  22. Page 128 – exercise 1 (a-d) AdvP finite clause verbless clause PP PP PP finite clause

  23. Page 128 – exercise 1 (e-h) AdvP finite clause non-finite clause non-finite clause PP AdvP PP PP PP PP AdvP

  24. Page 128 – exercise 1 (i-k) PP verbless clause PP non-finite clause

  25. Page 128 – exercise 2 (a-d) PP adjunct AdvP disjunct adjunct PP adjunct -ING (n-f) clause AdvP adjunct

  26. Page 128 – exercise 2 (e-h) PP PP adjunct adjunct AdvP OR NP adjunct INF (n-f) clause conjunct finite clause adjunct adjunct AdvP

  27. Page 128 – exercise 2 (i-l) NP AdvP adjunct adjunct AdvP adjunct AdvP adjunct adjunct AdvP

  28. Page 128 – exercise 2 (m-p) adjunct finite clause PP adjunct adjunct AdvPOR NP AdvP adjunct adjunct AdvP

  29. LET’S NOW GO BACK TO…

  30. EXERCISE #1 AND ANALYZE THE FUNCTIONS THERE.

  31. Page 128 – exercise 1 (a-d) AdvP adjunct finite clause adjunct adjunct verbless clause adjunct PP PP PP finite clause adjunct adjunct adjunct

  32. Page 128 – exercise 1 (e-h) disjunct adjunct adjunct AdvP finite clause non-finite clause non-finite clause adjunct adjunct PP conjunct AdvP adjunct adjunct PP PP PP adjunct PP adjunct AdvP adjunct

  33. Page 128 – exercise 1 (i-k) PP adjunct verbless clause adjunct adjunct PP non-finite clause disjunct

  34. Thank you for your time! THE END

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