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The NHD and the Future of Stream Mapping in West Virginia

The NHD and the Future of Stream Mapping in West Virginia. Jackie Strager Natural Resource Analysis Center www.nrac.wvu.edu. Evan Fedorko Kevin Kuhn Kurt Donaldson WV GIS Technical Center wvgis.wvu.edu. Introduction. Introduction NHD 24K NHD local Stewardship.

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The NHD and the Future of Stream Mapping in West Virginia

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  1. The NHD and the Future of Stream Mapping in West Virginia Jackie Strager Natural Resource Analysis Center www.nrac.wvu.edu Evan Fedorko Kevin Kuhn Kurt Donaldson WV GIS Technical Center wvgis.wvu.edu

  2. Introduction • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Outline of this seminar: • Existing stream map: 24K NHD • Uses of the NHD • Issues with 24K NHD • Case study: Stream modifications in the Coal River • Current stream mapping: Local NHD • What is the local NHD? • Progress to date and questions • What’s next: Stewardship and the future of NHD • NHD stewardship and maintenance • Future of NHD • Discussion

  3. NHD Status in WV • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) • USGS standard for mapped surface waters • NHD is complete in WV for: • Medium resolution (1:100,000 scale) • High resolution (1:24,000) • Local resolution NHD (1:4,800) • Pilot projects nearing completion • Gauley • Upper Guyandotte

  4. NHD at many scales… • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Sutton Lake 1:100,000 scale NHD Medium resolution 32,000 miles of mapped streams statewide 1:24,000 scale NHD High resolution 54,000 miles of mapped streams statewide 1:4,800 scale streams Local resolution (approx 50% increase in total mapped length over 24K NHD)

  5. Benefits of NHD format • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Nationwide standards • Fundamental framework data layer for The National Map • Consistent format across spatial scales • Data, tools, technical references available from USGS http://nhd.usgs.gov

  6. Uses of NHD data Measured Routes 2 miles 1 mile • Cartographic base map product • Flow network model • Stream measures model Direction of flow

  7. Evaluating the NHD • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • What could be improved in 24K NHD in WV? • How was this determined? • Track known issues (NRAC) • Stream naming/coding process (NRAC/WVDEP) • Systematic statewide review by WVDEP • Case study: mining impacts in the Coal River watershed

  8. Issues with 24K NHD • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Main Issues: • Errors in geometry • Errors in attributes • Errors in NHD formatting, reach coding • Changes in stream geometry since streams were mapped • Source data for 24K NHD: • 24K DLG data • Topo map blue lines • GNIS names

  9. Geometry errors • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • NHD linework needs to be fixed • Causes: • Original topo blue line wrong/missing • Error in NHD creation process (rare)

  10. Geometry errors • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  11. Geometry errors • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Kanawha River

  12. Attribute errors • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Most common: Name errors • NHD name attribute: GNISName • Causes: • GNIS name incorrect, typos • Name needs to be added to NHD • “Hollows”

  13. Attribute errors • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Whitesville quad, Boone County

  14. Attribute errors • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Trib to North Fork Cherry River, Nicholas County

  15. NHD formatting issues • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Reach coding errors • Reaches need to be split • Mainstem/tributaries incorrectly identified • NHD attributing errors (other than name) • Perennial/intermittent • Other (FCODE)

  16. NHD formatting issues Perennial Intermittent (?) • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  17. Keeping NHD up to date • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Stream drainage changes • Causes: • Mining • Road construction • Re-routing of streams, channelization • Braids/channels no longer exist

  18. Keeping NHD up to date • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Formerly Fourmile Branch/White Oak Cr Sylvester quad, Boone County

  19. Keeping NHD up to date • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  20. Keeping NHD up to date • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  21. The big picture… • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Quantifying issues with the NHD Primarily based on WVDEP review

  22. The big picture… • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship Quantifying issues with the NHD Primarily based on WVDEP review

  23. The big picture (2)… • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Quantifying 24K NHD issues as identified by WVDEP review

  24. Coal River case study • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Goal: Quantify amount of stream drainage change related to mining for southern WV watershed • Input datasets: • 24K NHD stream lines • 1:4,800 local stream lines • 2003 SAMB aerial photos • 2007 NAIP aerial photos

  25. Original 24K NHD • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  26. 2003 Aerial photos • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship 2003 Photo

  27. Mining visible in 2003 • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship 2003 Photo

  28. Aerial photos 2007 • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship 2007 Photo

  29. Mining visible 2007 • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship 2007 Photo

  30. Summary for 24K NHD in Coal

  31. Local resolution NHD • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Local streams mapped from 2003 SAMB aerial photography and 3m DEM • Benefits: • Better cartographic base for local mapping • Captures changes in stream geometry, length • Uses: • Emergency and floodplain management • Water quality permitting • Water resources inventory • Other local/municipal level projects • Status: • Pilot projects nearly complete for Gauley, Upper Guyandotte

  32. Local NHD issues • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Level of detail varies • Special situations: ditches and culverts • Changes in stream geometry • Using final product: need for stream generalization?

  33. Issue: Detail varies • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  34. Issue: Ditches and culverts • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  35. Issue: Geometry updates • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Streams change constantly • Coal River case study

  36. Coal case study: Local • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  37. Coal case study: Local • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  38. Future of NHD for WV… • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • Goal: Stewardship plan for NHD in WV • Data updates • Ensures data maintenance • Central point of contact • Additional considerations • NHD generalization? • Completion of local NHD statewide?

  39. Stewardship • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship http://webhosts.cr.usgs.gov/steward/

  40. Stewardship In response to production wrapping up and major partners reducing their role, USGS has envisioned a stewardship program. What does the USGS mean by “stewardship?” Two goals: A process by which we ensure that data continues to evolve and reflect changes on the ground as well as correct existing errors Bring users with local knowledge to the table • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  41. Stewardship • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship • USGS loosely defines two roles: • Data steward • Supervision and management of edits to the data • A trustworthy, trained “super-user” • “Contributors” • Less well defined – those with ‘knowledge’ about hydrography on the ground • This is essentially “everyone else”

  42. Stewardship So, stewardship generally is envisioned to be arranged as such: • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship National NHD Database State NHD Steward “Contributors” Well documented! Murky!

  43. Stewardship • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship USGS has developed a robust editing tool for THE STEWARD’S use, the NHDGeoEditTool. They have also aided in the coordination of stewards. The process of actually collecting edits is being left up to the individual stewards.

  44. Stewardship Enter the NHD Community! • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  45. Stewardship Several states are developing methodologies and tools for NHD stewardship Most states favor a “targeted audience” approach that also includes the general public: • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship State NHD Steward Stewardship Partners (e.g., DEP, DNR, USFS) General Public

  46. Stewardship What should West Virginia do? Identify principal steward(s) Consolidate key stakeholders Critically examine existing NHD data Discuss the ways in which NHD data is utilized Develop a stewardship plan • Introduction • NHD 24K • NHD local • Stewardship

  47. Discussion Natural Resource Analysis Center West Virginia University www.nrac.wvu.edu WV GIS Technical Center West Virginia University wvgis.wvu.edu

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