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Legislative Branch

The Legislative Branch of the U.S. government is bicameral, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House is based on population, with 435 members, while the Senate provides equal representation with 100 members, two from each state. Key powers include expressed powers, like declaring war, and implied powers defined by the Necessary and Proper Clause. Each chamber has distinct rules, leadership, and terms of office: House members serve 2 years while Senators serve 6. Understanding this structure is essential for grasping U.S. governance.

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Legislative Branch

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  1. Legislative Branch

  2. Bicameral Legislation • Two Houses (Bicameral) • House of Representatives • Based on population • Senate • Equal representation • Two per state

  3. Powers of Congress • Expressed Powers • Clearly written in Constitution • Article I Section 8 • Example: • Power to declare war, power of purse • Implied Powers • Not clearly written in Constitution • Article I Section 8 Clause 18 • “Necessary and Proper Clause” • Example: Air Force

  4. House of Representatives • Terms of Office – 2 years • Representation – based on population • Numbers – 435 • Oregon – 5 California - 53 • Qualifications: • 25 years old • 7 year citizen • Live in the state you represent • 3rd District- Earl Blumenauer (D)

  5. Senate • Terms of Office – 6 years • Representation – equal 2 per state • Numbers – 100 (California 2 N. Dakota 2) • Qualifications: • 30 years old • 9 year citizen • Live in state you represent -Hillary Clinton NY • Oregon: • Ron Wyden (D) Jeff Merkley (D)

  6. Differences • Size • Rules • Filibuster – stalling tactic in Senate • Constituents – who they represent • House is specific regions of state • Senate is entire state

  7. Leaders in Congress • House of Representatives: • Speaker of the House • Majority Leader • Minority Leader • Whips • Senate: • President of the Senate • President Pro Tempore • Majority and Minority Leaders • Whips

  8. Congress Terms • Caucus • Meeting to choose / elect party leaders • Quorum • Minimum number needed to do business • Majority • Gerrymandering • Illegal redrawing of district boundaries to favor a political party or group of people

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