1 / 23

ICCRTS 2008 The Response to Hurricane Katrina: A Case Study of Changing C2 Maturity

ICCRTS 2008 The Response to Hurricane Katrina: A Case Study of Changing C2 Maturity. James Moffat Dstl, Ministry of Defence, UK. NATO NEC C2 Maturity Model. Being Developed by NATO RTO SAS Panel WG 065

hide
Télécharger la présentation

ICCRTS 2008 The Response to Hurricane Katrina: A Case Study of Changing C2 Maturity

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ICCRTS 2008The Response to Hurricane Katrina:A Case Study of Changing C2 Maturity James MoffatDstl, Ministry of Defence, UK

  2. NATO NEC C2 Maturity Model • Being Developed by NATO RTO SAS Panel WG 065 • Context: A coalition force composed of a number of contributing entities – A ‘Complex Endeavour’ • NATO military elements • NATO civilian elements • Non-NATO countries • Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) • Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs)

  3. NATO NEC C2 Maturity Model Transformed Operations Agile C2 Integrated Operations Collaborative C2 Coordinated Operations Coordinated C2 De-conflicted Operations De-conflicted C2 Conflicted C2 Disjointed Operations

  4. The C2 Approach Space

  5. De-conflicted C2

  6. Coordinated C2

  7. Collaborative C2

  8. Agile C2

  9. Hurricane Katrina • ‘A Catastrophe on a par with the events of 11th Sept 2001’ • Three authoritative reports supplied by the US • Examples observed of Maturity Levels from Conflicted C2 to Agile C2, changing over time • Balance towards Conflicted C2 end of scale • Observed variables and transitions consistent with Maturity Model

  10. Outline • US Emergency Structure • Hurricane Katrina timeline • Examples of C2 Maturity levels • Change over time • Summary

  11. US Emergency Structure

  12. US Emergency Structure States Local – New Orleans • Response: • Major Disaster (Pull) • Emergency (Pull) • Catastrophe (Push) President (POTUS) Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Interagency Incident Management Group Homeland Security Operations Centre Coordination of Federal Support To States • Federal Coordinating Officer • Coordinating Function • Objectives/Strategies/Plans • Priorities/Public Affairs DoD JTF Katrina Joint Field Office Katrina Specific Request: - Incident of National Significance Request EVENT

  13. Hurricane Katrina Timeline

  14. Thurs Aug 25 • Local emergency preliminary responses within each State • First FEMA teleconference – Federal/State/Local • Plans for evacuation and shelter • FEMA initial pre-positioning • Rapid needs and emergency response teams on alert • Local private sector entities respond • Maturity Level • De-Conflicted C2 at Federal/State Level • Conflicted C2 at Local level • Separate Local responses

  15. Sat Aug 27 • Phase 1 of LA Emergency Evacuation Plan • implemented and MS informed • LA and MS Departments of transportation linked • Evacuation transportation plans coordinated • FEMA activates National Disaster Medical Systems teams • FEMA and FEMA regional HQs in TX and GA go to level 1 • FEMA Mobile Emergency Response Support Detachment deploys to LA from TX • Fed CO appointed (heads Joint Field Office) • LA and MS implement contra-flow traffic plans • LA and MS deploy personnel and pre-position resources • Fed emergency declared by Pres after request from Gov LA • Gov AL offers assistance to LA and MS • Maturity Level – Coordinated C2 at Federal/State level • Limited linking of plans and actions

  16. Mon Aug 29 • Storm hits • Huge damage to power, communications • Damage to infrastructure, transport, healthcare • Mayor of New Orleans could not communicate for 48-hrs • LA and MS request Nat Guard assets from other States • Conflicting reports to Local/State/Fed level • Inaccurate and incomplete information • Lack of situation awareness and Common Operational Picture (COP) • Breaching of levees unclear • Impossible to establish functioning incident command centres • Some emergency responders did not respond • Search and Rescue begins • Maturity Level – Conflicted C2 at Local level • Search and Rescue

  17. Wed Aug 31 • LA and Fed working together to plan evacuation to other States • DoD, DoT, State • local delivery of food, water • plan further evacuation activities from New Orleans • No Federal active duty forces in the area • due to incorrect situational awareness • Large crowds at Convention Centre • no food or water • Search and Rescue • Evacuees deposited on high ground with no coordination or unified command structure • Maturity Level • Conflicted C2 at Local level • Search and Rescue • Coordinated C2 in parts of Federal/State levels

  18. Sat Sept 3 • Evacuation of Convention Centre starts • Food, water and medicine now available • 25,000 to be evacuated • Superdome evacuation continuing • Maturity Level • De-Conflicted C2 for evacuations • Between National Guard and Active Duty Forces via JTF Katrina

  19. Tue Sept 6 • Establishment of Law Enforcement Coordination Centre • Unified Command for Law Enforcement • New Orleans Police, LA State Police, National Guard, Federal Law Enforcement • Maturity Level • Collaborative C2 emerging

  20. Agile C2 • The creation of ad-hoc clinics in downtown hotels was an agile and self-organised response to an awareness of the situation, and the need to adapt • A unique example

  21. Changing Maturity Levels - A Case History Time • Conflicted C2 (initial stage post landfall) • Lack of situational awareness • Impossible to coordinate immediate emergency response operations • Multiple rescue teams in the same area while other areas not covered. • De-Conflicted C2 (Emerging during first few days post landfall) • National Guards and active duty units deployed to different geographical areas • Collaborative C2 emerging (By end of first week post landfall) • Complex and multifaceted C2 structure in place • Coordinating States, civilians, military at both State and Federal level • JTF-Katrina command active units through task forces

  22. Bibliography • ‘The Federal response to Hurricane Katrina: Lessons Learned’. US Dept. of Homeland Security, Washington DC, USA, Feb 2006. • L E Davis et al ‘Hurricane Katrina: Lessons Learned for Army Planning and Operations’. RAND Arroyo Centre, Santa Monica, CA, USA, 2007. • ‘A Failure of Initiative: Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina’ US House of Representatives, Feb 2006.

  23. Summary • Examples were observed of changing C2 Maturity Levels ranging from Conflicted to Agile, during the build up to and immediate post landfall of Hurricane Katrina. • The factors marking out these differing Maturity levels have been identified, and are consistent with the current NATO NEC C2 Maturity Model. • In a slightly longer timeframe, the post landfall planning for the reconstruction of the Hurricane Protection System in New Orleans was an example of the Collaborative level of C2 Maturity.

More Related