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Timbre

Timbre. A description of the actual sounds that you hear. “Tone color” or “quality”. Timbre. Timbre can be a list of the instruments or voices that you hear. Timbre can also refer to the variations in tone color of a specific instrument (a bright guitar or dark voice). Timbre.

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Timbre

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  1. Timbre A description of the actual sounds that you hear. “Tone color” or “quality”

  2. Timbre Timbre can be a list of the instruments or voices that you hear. Timbre can also refer to the variations in tone color of a specific instrument (a bright guitar or dark voice).

  3. Timbre 6 Families of Instruments

  4. Family • An instrument is grouped into a family based on how it PRODUCES sound (not how it sounds, what it looks like, what material it’s made from, etc).

  5. 6 Families • String • Woodwind • Brass • Percussion • Keyboard • Electronic

  6. Rule of Thumb • The smaller/shorter the vibrating element (string, pipe, air tube, etc.), the HIGHER the pitch. • The larger/longer the vibrating element, the LOWER the pitch.

  7. String • Bowed Strings • Violin • Viola • Violoncello (cello) • Double bass The nucleus of an orchestra consists of bowed strings.

  8. String • Plucked Strings • Guitar • Banjo • Mandolin • Bass Guitar • Balalaika • Lute

  9. Woodwinds • Single reed (clarinet and saxophone) • Double reed (oboe, bassoon and English horn) • No reed (flute and piccolo)

  10. Brass • Trumpet • Trombone • French Horn • Tuba

  11. Percussion • Definite pitch (marimba, vibraphone, xylophone, chimes, bells, timpani) • Indefinite pitch (bass drum, snare drum, woodblocks, cymbal)

  12. Keyboard • Piano • Pipe organ (king of instruments) • Harpsichord

  13. What is the proper name of the piano?

  14. What is the proper name of the piano? • pianoforte

  15. Electronic • Electronic keyboards • Computer • Synthesizer • MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)

  16. Orchestra • A group of (usually more than 20) instruments which has bowed strings as its nucleus. • To that, you may add any number or type of instruments.

  17. Dave Matthews Band The instruments in his band include guitar, bass guitar, drums, and violin. Just because it has a violin, it is not an orchestra!

  18. Seating plan of an Orchestra • Softest instruments in front (bowed strings) • Woodwinds behind • Brass behind • Percussion in back • Loudest instruments are in the back.

  19. Conductor • Stands in front of orchestra • Keeps time and keeps them together • Listens to sound and shapes the music as it’s being played

  20. Conductor The music directors of the "Big Five" orchestras of the United States each made over $1,000,000 per year, with the music director of the New York Philharmonic making the most, at $2,777,753 during the 2009-2011 season. Music directors of smaller full-time orchestras, like in Atlanta, Minnesota, St. Louis, and Baltimore made from $400,000 to $977,000 per year.

  21. Concertmaster • First chair first violin • Responsible for bowings in the section • Plays all passages written for solo violin • Tunes up the orchestra • Is expected to “stand in” for the conductor if necessary

  22. Concertmaster The concertmaster for the Atlanta Symphony set a new all time high compensation level at $578,436. The average compensation for the Top 10 highest paid concertmasters is $418,324.

  23. Voices

  24. Voices • SATB

  25. Voices • Female: • Soprano (high) • Alto / Contralto (low) • Male: • Tenor (high) • Bass (low)

  26. Voices – Most Common • Female: Mezzo Soprano • Male: Baritone

  27. A cappella • Unaccompanied voices • Literally, “as in the chapel” – i.e., no instruments.

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