The Determinist Argument: All our actions are caused by forces over which we have no control. And if we have no control

1. The Determinist Argument:All our actions are caused by forces over which we have no control. And if we have no control over our actions, we are not free. • Responses: • Libertarianism: some actions are free because they are not causally determined • Compatibilism: even if all actions are causally determined, we can still be free

2. Libertarianism:Some human acts are undetermined • Argument from experience: we are conscious of deliberating and thinking of ourselves as free to have done otherwise • Objection: this could be self-deception • Indeterminism: like sub-atomic events, free actions are only probable, not determined • Objection: if free actions are random or only probable events, then we could not control or be responsible for them

3. More Libertarian Arguments • The impossibility of self-prediction: any prediction of our own behavior would affect (and thus change) that behavior • Objection: predicting what we will do does not necessarily affect what we do • Moral accountability: if we are not free, then moral responsibility makes no sense • Objection: maybe regret, guilt, and moral responsibility are unjustified