The Effects of World War I

1. The Effects of World War I SS6H7 The student will explain conflict and change in Europe to the 21st century. a. Describe major developments following World War I: the Russian Revolution, the Treaty of Versailles, worldwide depression, and the rise of Nazism.

2. The Russian Revolution • Russia suffered most during the war • Lacked industries • Less developed • Many starved and froze to death • Money, food, resources went to war efforts • Workers eventually revolted. • Soldier joined them

3. The Russian Revolution • 1917-beginning of The Russian Revolution • 2 parts: • February Revolution • Resulted in the czar being overthrown and government being thrown out of the country • October Revolution (Bolshevik Revolution) • 1st communist revolution in 20th century • Led by Vladimir Lenin – promised to pull Russia out of the war once he was in power • More violent than 1st • Russia signed peace treaty with Germany in 1918

4. The Russian Revolution • Civil war went on for the next 3 years • 1922 – Communist party finally took control • Renamed Russia and the states under its control – UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC (USSR)

5. The Russian Revolution established which of the following in Eastern Europe? Democracy Communism Nazism Capitalism

6. The Russian Revolution had what effect on World War I? • It increased the number of Russian troops against Germany • It effectively stopped Russia’s participation in the war • It helped end the war for every nation involved • It provided a place for U.S. troops to fight

7. Treaty of Versailles • Required that Germany accept full responsibility for the war. • Had to give up territory to surrounding countries • EX: give Alsace and Lorraine back to France • Gave up its overseas colonies • Make armed forces smaller • Pay for the reparations to countries it harmed • Reparations – make up for a wrong, usually by payment

8. Who was blamed for the devastation of World War I? • The Allies • The United States • Austria-Hungary • The Germans

9. The Treaty of Versailles was the treaty that formally ended World War I. Which of these statements best explains what the treaty did? • It placed blame of the war for Austria-Hungary • Great Britain could now keep all of its colonies • Italy was forced to give up some of its territory • It made Germany take full responsibility for the war

10. Worldwide Depression • Germany’s economy was ruined by the Treaty. • Went broke • Europe’s war effort drained its colonies of resources • Many nations had debt they couldn’t pay • Returning soldiers needed jobs • Unemployment increased

11. Worldwide Depression • Europe depended on economic help from the US • 1929 – US stock market crashed • Many lost everything • Banks and businesses closed • Unrest and nationalism grew • Worldwide economic depression resulted • People wanted strong leaders to make their country rich and powerful again

12. The Rise of Nazism • German currency decreased value – resulted in inflation • The Great Depression spread to Europe • Poverty caused by unemployment in Germany led to people losing their faith in their government • Jan. 30, 1933 – Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany

13. The Rise of Nazism • Hitler led the National Socialist German Workers Party (known as the Nazi Party) • Gained support by blaming problems enemies of WWI, previous government, and Jewish people • People in Germany was desperate and wanted to believe their leaders • Hitler promised new jobs and grow to be a powerful country • Passed many laws discriminating against the Jews • Nazi’s persecuted the Jews and denied them rights as a German citizen • Anti –Semitism – prejudice against the Jews prominent in Europe at the time