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World War I The guts of the war….. . Causes of World War I. Balkan Powder Keg Caution Explosive. M ilitarism Arms race. Blank Check Given to Austria by Germany. A lliance System. N ationalism. Immediate Cause The Assassination At Sarajevo Set off the Powder Keg and Started WWI.
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Causes of World War I Balkan Powder Keg Caution Explosive Militarism Arms race Blank Check Given to Austria by Germany Alliance System Nationalism Immediate Cause The Assassination At Sarajevo Set off the Powder Keg and Started WWI Imperialism 1 9 1 4 Assassination
Causes of WWI -Alliances Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Great Britain Germany Austria-Hungary France Russia Italy
Causes of WWI -Assassination Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Duchess Sophie at Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28th, 1914.
Trench Warfare Trench Maps
With all that craziness happening in Europe.. Why would the United States get involved????? 2 MAJOR Reasons
#1Sinking of the Lusitania • Germany practicing unrestricted submarine warfare • British ship with American passengers • How do you think Americans would react to this?
#2Zimmerman Telegram • We intend to begin on the 1st of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.
Americans Attack • DoughboysName given to the American soldiers
Declaration of War • Americans enter war • Join side of British, French • Russia withdraws (problems at home) • Help Allies with war • Wilson’s 14 Points
The Legacy of War • 8.5 Million Killed • 21 million wounded • War Costs 338 billion, destroys towns, and land in Europe and Russia • Disillusionment: Lost Generation: generation of young adults are killed and they are disillusioned with capitalism and democracy.
Collapse of the Empires • Breakup of Austrian Hungarian Empire • Austria and Hungary become independent nations • Czechoslovakia & Yugoslavia were formed • Italy and Romania gained land
Ottoman Empire Dissolved • Turkey becomes independent • Most of the Arab nations were put under the control of Britain and France • Mandates • Russian and German Losses • Other nations Formed: Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
The Treaty of Versailles: Major Provisions • League of Nations • Territorial Losses/Germany returns Alsace Lorraine; French Border extended to the Rhine; Germany surrenders all of its overseas colonies in Africa and the Pacific • Military restrictions/limits size of German Army; cannot build or import weapons, submarines, airplanes
The Treaty of Versailles: War Guilt • Sole responsibility for the war placed on Germany’s shoulders • Germany forced to pay the Allies 33 Billion in reparations over 30 years. • Laid the ground work for WWII.
Bibliography • http://www.mrberlin.com/8th/WWI/World_War_I_causes.ppt#269.