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The New Economy: Growth, Labor Struggles, and Reform in Gilded Age America

Chapter 16 delves into the transformative forces of the New Economy at the turn of the century, highlighting the wealth generated from Western mineral resources and the rapid expansion of railroads fueled by innovative technologies and minimal government intervention. It examines the rise of magnates like Carnegie and Rockefeller, the significant gains in industrial production, and the accompanying social issues including child labor and anti-competitive practices. As workers sought organization through unions amidst violent confrontations, the chapter paints a vivid portrait of an era marked by both immense fortune and profound struggle.

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The New Economy: Growth, Labor Struggles, and Reform in Gilded Age America

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  1. Unit 8 Progress and Poverty at the Turn of the Century

  2. Chapter 16 Capital and Labor

  3. The New Economy • Western mineral wealth • Railroads • Technology, innovations • Little government intervention • New business practices • Mass marketing, (inter)national advertising

  4. The Magnates • Steel, food production, energy, financing, railroads grew tremendously • Carnegie, Vanderbilt, Rockefeller, Mellon, Gould, Swift… • Vast fortunes acquired • Enormous philanthropy • Robber barons or captains of industry?

  5. New National Markets

  6. Disturbing Trends • Dangerous conditions • Child labor • Anti-competitive practices • Monopoly, predatory pricing • Blacklisting • Violence • Molly Maguires, Pinkerton Detectives

  7. Women Enter the Workforce

  8. Visions of the New Economy

  9. Organizing the Workers • Birth of national unions • KOL, AFL • Pragmatism vs. idealism • Worker’s demands • The Other Civil War • Homestead, McCormick, Haymarket, Pullman, • Gains for both sides • ICC, Wabash, Santa Clara

  10. U n r e s t ! Haymarket Affair—1886 Anarchist Trials—Chicago Execution of the Guilty

  11. Baltimore Strikers meet Maryland Regiment—1877 Tompkins Square Riot--1874 Pennsylvania RR Strike--1877

  12. Chapter 17 Guilded Age America

  13. Life in the City • Waves of immigration • Cities become compartmentalized • Conspicuous Consumption • Astronomical growth • Corruptionand squalor reign • Tammany Hall • Birth of national leisure

  14. Gilded Age Immigration

  15. New Environments • City beautification • Politics • People’s Party • Nast • WJ Bryan • Plessy v. Ferguson • Depression of 1893 • Coxey’s Army

  16. Leisure in America

  17. Chapter 18 Reaction and Reform

  18. Swelling Chorus of Reform • Idealism or reaction? • Right-minded or over- bearing? • International, National, State and Local reforms • Regulation, Amendments, outcry • A voice for everyone?

  19. Levels of Reform • Local • Muckrakers • Women’s rights • Triangle fire • Settlement houses • State • Robert Lafollete • Initiative, referendum, recall • National • Roosevelt—Trust busting, conservation • Court cases: Muller v. Oregon, Lochner v. NY • Regulations: commerce • Progressive Amendments: 17, 18, 19

  20. Going Too Far? • Did Progressivism become too radical? • IWW • Eugenics • Ludlow Massacre • Prohibition

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