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Chalk Talk

Chalk Talk. What do you know about Columbus?. What 2 people have national holidays named after them?. Central Questions. Who were the Europeans that came to the Americas, why did they come, and what effect did they have on the Native Americans?

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Chalk Talk

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chalk Talk What do you know about Columbus?

  2. What 2 people have national holidays named after them?

  3. Central Questions • Who were the Europeans that came to the Americas, why did they come, and what effect did they have on the Native Americans? • Why and how did the colonists revolt against the British? • What were some of the major battles in the American Revolution? • What steps lead up to the creation of America as a country?

  4. The Age of Exploration • Period from the 1400s- 1600s • Many sailors set out to explore the world outside of Europe • New advances in technology made this possible • Motivations: Gold, God, and Glory

  5. 3 Important Explorers • Christopher Columbus • Wanted to reach markets of East Asia by going West • Supported by the King and Queen of Spain • Given credit for “discovering” America in 1492 • Thought he had landed in Asia • Though he made several trips to the Americas and established colonies, he was sent back to Spain, poor and in chains, because his colony didn’t like his leadership

  6. Amerigo Vespucci • Americas named after him • Explored South America and realized the Americas were NOT the East Indies • Wrote home about the culture and practices of the people he met • Began in 1499 under Spain and later sailed for the Portuguese

  7. Ferdinand Magellan • First to circumnavigate the world in 1519 • Sailed for Spain • Miscalculated the time it would take, which resulted in the death of many of his sailors • Got involved in tribal wars in the Philippines and was killed • Some of his crew made it back to Spain

  8. The “Discovery” of America • “Discover” means being the first to find something • There were already people in the Americas when Columbus came • Native Americans such as the Aztecs, Hopewells, Powhatans, etc. • Vikings had already explored further North • Similar paper-making and blowgun technology was found in South America and in Indonesia • Stone sculptures in Mexico have distinct African features and some islands already had African slaves • Spear-points in Haiti were made from “guanine” – the same word that was used in Africa

  9. Columbus Meets the Natives • The goal was to make money and settle the land • They used the natives • As guides • As slaves • To convert them • Or killed them • Weapons • Diseases • 90% were eventually killed

  10. Conversion • Suplicoqueustedreconozcaque la Iglesiacomounaseñora y en el nombre del Papa toma el Rey comoSeñor de estatierra y obedecesusmandatos. • Si usted no lo hace, yo le digoque con la ayuda de Dios queentrarépoderosamente contra ustedes. Haré la guerraportodaspartes y cadamaneraquepuedo.

  11. I implore you to recognize the Church as a lady and in the name of the Pope take the King as Lord of this land and obey his mandates. • If you do not do it, I tell you that with the help of God I will enter powerfully against you all. I will make war everywhere and in every way that I can.

  12. How Did the Americas Change? • Land, labor, and resources taken from the Natives • New products, people, technology, and ideas brought to the Americas • Native populations drastically decreased • Transatlantic slave trade began • Became permanently colonized

  13. Columbian Exchange • Movement of European products to the Americas and from the Americas to Europe • Foods: • America to Europe: corn, peppers, squash, tomato, potato, pineapples, cacao bean, sweet potato, tobacco • Europe to America: bees (honey), apple, banana, carrot, coffee, kiwi, watermelon • Livestock: • America to Europe: turkeys, guinea pig, llama, alpaca • Europe to America: cows, pigs, sheep • Europe to America (accidental): earthworms, brown rats, zebra mussels, tumbleweeds, wild oats • Other • Europe to America: Christianity, gunpowder, and dandelions • Europe to America: Diseases, esp. smallpox • America to Europe: Syphilis

  14. Triangle Trade • Columbian Exchange + Africa • Sugar, tobacco, and cotton from the Americas to Europe • Manufactured goods, clothes, and rum from Europe to Africa • Slaves from Africa to the Americas

  15. Pros Cons

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