1 / 31

Smithing & Forging

Smithing & Forging . Smithing . It is a process of performing various operations on relatively small work pieces , heated in an open fire (hearth) and force is applied to manipulate the metal by means of hand hammers or small power hammers in a smithy shop .

homer
Télécharger la présentation

Smithing & Forging

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Smithing & Forging

  2. Smithing It is a process of performing various operations on relatively small work pieces, heated in an open fire (hearth) and force is applied to manipulate the metalby means of hand hammers or small power hammers in a smithy shop. It is a process of producing those parts, which must be heated in a closedfurnace, and force is applied to manipulate the metal by means of heavy hammers or forging machines or presses. . Forging

  3. HOT METAL

  4. LEAF HOOK

  5. FORGING TOOLS Anvil:Provides a support for blacksmith’s workpiece when hammering. -Beak is used for bending the workpieces

  6. 2) Fuller 5) Swage FULLER: Used for Necking down a piece of work Swage: To obtain reduced and finished to round, square or hexagonal form - Made with half grooves of dimensions to suit the work being reduced

  7. 4) Flatter 3) Punch Flatter: To give smoothness and accuracy to components which have been already shaped by fullers and swages. Punch: Used for making holes in metal part when it is in forging heat.

  8. 6) Flat tongs 7) Ring Tongs 8) Gad Tongs Tongs: To hold the workpiece • Flat Tong : For holding work of rectangular section • Ring Tong : For holding work of circular section • Gad Tong : For general pick-up, either straight or tapered

  9. Chisels 9) Swage block Hot Chisel Swage block: Used for squaring, sizing, bending operations Chisels: For cutting metals & for necking prior to breaking. They may be hot or cold depending on the metal to be cut is hot or cold.

  10. b) Cross peen a) Ball peen Sledge Hammer c) Straight peen Set hammer Hand hammers: They may be classified as a)Ball peen hammer b)Straight peen hammer c)Cross peen hammer d) Sledge hammer Set hammer: Used for finishing corners in shouldered work,where flatter is inconvenient.

  11. Classification of Forging

  12. Ram Upper Die Work Lower Die Anvil Power forging -Also called as an air and steam hammer -Operated by either steam or compressed air • Principle of operation is illustrated in the sketch • Require additional facilities for supplying high pressure steam or compressed air. Fig. Steam Hammer

  13. Roll Board Upper Die work Lower Die Drop Forging (Stamping/ Die forging) • Also called as GravityHammer or Board Hammer Working: • Ram is fixed to the lower end of the board • Board is placed between 2 rolls • Ram will be lifted, when both rolls are pressed against the board -Working stroke is produced when the rolls are released. -Process continues till operator holds down the treadle Fig. Board Hammer

  14. Smith forging operations Most commonly used forging operations are: • Upsetting • Bending • Punching • Drawing down • Setting down • Welding • Cutting • Fullering

  15. Upset forging operations UPSETTING (HEADING) 9 Process of increasing the thickness of a bar by reducing its length by end pressure.

  16. Curvilinear Angular Bending operations BENDING Process of producing curvilinear or angular bends on a bar. Done on the edge of the anvil face or beak or swage block

  17. Figure 2 Figure 3 Punching operation Process of producing holes by using a hot punch over the pritchelhole of the anvil. Figure 1

  18. Drawing down or Swaging Process of increasing the length of a bar at the expense of its width or thickness or both. It is a localized drawing down or swaging operation. SettingDown

  19. CUTTING • Cutting-off is a form of chiseling whereby a long piece of stock is cut into several specified lengths, or a forging is separated (cut-oft) from its stock. When cutting with chisels , the hammer blows are directed on to the chisel head, which must be slightly rounded.

  20. WELDING • Joining process performed in the smithy shop.

  21. FULLERING • Fullering or spreading the metal along the length of the job is done by working separate sections. • In this case, the axis of the job is positioned perpendicular to the width of the flat die.

  22. Forged parts vs. cast parts • FORGED PARTS ARE STRONGER THAN CASTING • Forging refines the structure of metal by smashing up large grain formations and closing up any cavities that may be present. • Pieces formed by forging exhibit directional properties indicated by the flow lines . • The original crystals typical of the cast structure are destroyed, hard films of brittle constituents or impurities are broken up or rolled in to fibers and a uniformity is established. • In addition to those effects certain mechanical properties, particularly elongation percentage, resistance to shock and vibration are improved, and in favorable cases cracks and blow holes are welded up.

More Related