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MONGOL EMPIRE

MONGOL EMPIRE. MONGOLS. NOMADIC people from Central Asia “STEPPE” – dry grasslands Herders who lived In various clans. MONGOLS BECOME UNITED. Around 1200 – leader united Mongol clans Name – TEMUJIN He takes the title GENGHIS KHAN Meaning “universal ruler”

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MONGOL EMPIRE

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  1. MONGOL EMPIRE

  2. MONGOLS • NOMADIC people from Central Asia • “STEPPE” – dry grasslands • Herders who lived In various clans

  3. MONGOLS BECOME UNITED • Around 1200 – leader united Mongol clans • Name – TEMUJIN • He takes the title GENGHIS KHAN • Meaning “universal ruler” • Ruled for 21 years • Conquered Central Asia/China

  4. MONGOLS *Mongols were skilled HORSEMAN & Fierce WARRIORS *Campaigns were often accompanied by wholesale massacres of the civilian populations *1227-Genghis Khan died - He was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia at an unknown location

  5. GENGHIS KHAN • REASON FOR SUCCESS: • 1. Brilliant Organizer • 2. Gifted Strategist • 3. Used Cruelty

  6. HISTORY CHANNEL: http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-genghis-khan PODCAST: http://podtail.com/#!/podcast/stuff-you-missed-in-history-class/did-genghis-khan-really-kill-1-748-000-people/32329/ (45 seconds) Genghis Khan: A short history TIME WARP TRIO: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDtiIh-PA2w&index=2&list=PLF0azKrwRG9_pCcYvY8iiB9kptZBKGbPY

  7. MONGOLS AFTER GENGHIS KHAN • 1227-Genghis Khan dies • 3rd son (OGEDEI) succeeds • Rules from 1228-1241 • Succeeded by oldest son • (Guyuk – grandson of Genghis Khan) • Rules from 1246 -1248 • Next ruler – Mongke • (another grandson of Genghis) • Rules from 1251-1259

  8. MONGOL KHANATES • After death of Mongke • Empire is divided into 4 KHANATES • 1. Golden Horde (Russia) • 2. Ilkhanate (Persia) • 3. Chagatai (Central Asia) • 4. Great Khan (China)

  9. Khanate – GOLDEN HORDE • Ruler –Genghis’ Grandson – BATU KHAN • Mongols rule Russia for 200 years • Forced Russians to pay tribute • Allowed Russian culture to continue • Follow all usual CUSTOMS

  10. MONGOLS in RUSSIA • Allowed to keep RELIGIOUS Beliefs {as long as they made no attempts to REBEL} • Isolated Russia from rest of Europe • Ended in 1480 – Ivan III - CZAR

  11. IIKHANATE • Ruler -HULAGU KHAN – Genghis’ Grandson • Ended Golden Age of Islam • 1258 -Sack of BAGHDAD • Destroyed House of Wisdom &Grand Library of Baghdad • Captured and killed the Abbasid Caliph • Later Mongols would convert to Islam

  12. KHANATE OF THE GREAT KHAN • Ruler –KUBLAI KHAN– Genghis’ grandson {officially ruler of ENTIRE empire} • Establishes YUAN DYNASTY in China • Controlled Mongolia, China, Korea • Died in 1294; Empire ends in 1368

  13. KUBLAI KHAN 1. 1st time in 300 years China UNITED 2.Only time China ruled by a FOREIGNER 3. Opens up China to FOREIGN trade 4. Did not change CULTURE *Restored/Extended GRAND CANAL *Helped increase foreign TRADE

  14. PAX MONGOLICA • Period of stability under Mongol rule • Controlled Silk Road • Connected Eastern world with West • Eased Communication & Commerce • Allowed Chinese innovations to reach West

  15. MARCO POLO • Merchant from Venice, Italy • Stayed in China for 17 years • Travelled throughout China • Returned to Italy • Described Chinese society • Many question if he did go to China

  16. Cornell Notes: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8t_Vzeq5L3g http://podtail.com/#!/podcast/stuff-you-missed-in-history-class/who-was-marco-polo/32276/ Marco Polo

  17. TROUBLE for YUAN DYNASTY • Mongols tried to conquer JAPAN (1274 & 1281): Invasions failed - Mongols lost up to 75% of their troops and supplies both times on the ocean as a result of major storms • Kublai Khan died in 1294 • Dynasty ended in 1368 • Mongols replaced by MING dynasty

  18. END OF MONGOL RULE • Khanates ended at different times • Persians, Russians, Chinese overthrow Mongol rule • Weak rulers after Genghis’ grandsons

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